Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ullevålsveien 68, PO Box 750 Sentrum, Oslo N-0106, Norway.
Virol J. 2013 Jan 2;10:5. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-10-5.
Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family, infects and causes disease in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Previous studies have shown Atlantic salmon endothelial cells to be the primary targets of ISAV infection. However, it is not known if cells other than endothelial cells play a role in ISAV tropism. To further assess cell tropism, we examined ISAV infection of Atlantic salmon gill epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro. We demonstrated the susceptibility of epithelial cells to ISAV infection. On comparison of primary gill epithelial cell cultures with ISAV permissive fish cell cultures, we found the virus yield in primary gill epithelial cells to be comparable with that of salmon head kidney (SHK)-1 cells, but lower than TO or Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK)-II cells. Light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the primary gill cells possessed characteristics consistent with epithelial cells. Virus histochemistry showed that gill epithelial cells expressed 4-O-acetylated sialic acid which is recognized as the ISAV receptor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of ISAV infection in Atlantic salmon primary gill epithelial cells. This study thus broadens our understanding of cell tropism and transmission of ISAV in Atlantic salmon.
传染性鲑鱼贫血病毒（ISAV）是正粘病毒科的一员，感染并导致养殖大西洋鲑（Salmo salar L.）发病。先前的研究表明，大西洋鲑的内皮细胞是 ISAV 感染的主要靶细胞。然而，目前尚不清楚除内皮细胞以外的细胞是否在 ISAV 嗜性中发挥作用。为了进一步评估细胞嗜性，我们研究了 ISAV 在体内和体外对大西洋鲑鳃上皮细胞的感染。我们证明了上皮细胞对 ISAV 感染的易感性。通过比较原代鳃上皮细胞培养物与允许 ISAV 感染的鱼类细胞培养物，我们发现原代鳃上皮细胞中的病毒产量与鲑鱼头肾（SHK-1）细胞相当，但低于 TO 或大西洋鲑肾（ASK）-II 细胞。光镜和透射电镜（TEM）显示，原代鳃细胞具有上皮细胞的特征。病毒组织化学显示，鳃上皮细胞表达 4-O-乙酰化唾液酸，这被认为是 ISAV 的受体。据我们所知，这是首次证明 ISAV 感染大西洋鲑原代鳃上皮细胞。因此，本研究拓宽了我们对 ISAV 在大西洋鲑中的细胞嗜性和传播的理解。
