Built Environment Control Laboratory, Department of Architecture, Second University of Naples, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2013 Feb 15;445-446:41-7. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.025. Epub 2013 Jan 9.
Noise annoyance is considered as the main effect of noise, it is a complex and multifaceted psychological concept dealing with immediate behavioral and evaluative aspects. In the last decades the research has intensely investigated the correlation between noise exposure and noise annoyance, nevertheless recent studies confirm that non-auditory factors influence the noise perception of individuals. In particular audio-video interaction can play a fundamental role. Today Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) systems allow building laboratory test providing realistic experiences of the surrounding environment to detect more accurate information about the reactions of the local population. Regarding the interventions for environmental noise control the barriers represent the main solution; however some aspects related to their visual characteristic have to be further investigated. This paper presented a case study, where a sample of residents living close to a railway line assessed noise-related aspects for several barriers with different visual characteristics in an IVR laboratory test. In particular, three main factors were analyzed: the barrier type concerning the visibility of the noise source through the screen, the visual aspect of the barrier concerning some aesthetic issues and the noise level at the receiver concerning the acoustic performance of the barrier and the magnitude of the sound source. The main results of the ANOVA analysis showed that for transparent barriers Perceived Loudness and Noise Annoyance were judged lower than for opaque barriers; this difference increased as noise level increased.
噪声烦恼被认为是噪声的主要影响，它是一个复杂和多方面的心理概念，涉及到即时的行为和评价方面。在过去的几十年里，研究人员已经对噪声暴露与噪声烦恼之间的相关性进行了深入研究，但最近的研究证实，非听觉因素会影响个体对噪声的感知。特别是音视频交互可以发挥重要作用。如今，沉浸式虚拟现实 (IVR) 系统可以构建实验室测试，提供周围环境的真实体验，以更准确地检测当地居民的反应信息。关于环境噪声控制的干预措施，障碍物是主要的解决方案;然而，它们的视觉特征的某些方面还需要进一步研究。本文介绍了一个案例研究，在一个 IVR 实验室测试中，一组居住在铁路线附近的居民对具有不同视觉特征的几种障碍物的噪声相关方面进行了评估。特别是，分析了三个主要因素：考虑到通过屏幕可见噪声源的障碍物类型，考虑到一些美学问题的障碍物的视觉方面，以及接收者处的噪声级，涉及到障碍物的声学性能和声源的幅度。方差分析的主要结果表明，对于透明障碍物，感觉到的响度和噪声烦恼被判断比不透明障碍物低;这种差异随着噪声水平的增加而增加。
