Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 2920 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027-7164, USA.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2013 Jun;4(2):125-36. doi: 10.1007/s13539-012-0098-y. Epub 2013 Jan 12.
Skeletal muscle regeneration is the process that ensures tissue repair after damage by injury or in degenerative diseases such as muscular dystrophy. Satellite cells, the adult skeletal muscle progenitor cells, are commonly considered to be the main cell type involved in skeletal muscle regeneration. Their mechanism of action in this process is extensively characterized. However, evidence accumulated in the last decade suggests that other cell types may participate in skeletal muscle regeneration. Although their actual contribution to muscle formation and regeneration is still not clear; if properly manipulated, these cells may become new suitable and powerful sources for cell therapy of skeletal muscle degenerative diseases. Mesoangioblasts, vessel associated stem/progenitor cells with high proliferative, migratory and myogenic potential, are very good candidates for clinical applications and are already in clinical experimentation. In addition, pluripotent stem cells are very promising sources for regeneration of most tissues, including skeletal muscle. Conditions such as muscle cachexia or aging that severely alter homeostasis may be counteracted by transplantation of donor and/or recruitment and activation of resident muscle stem/progenitor cells. Advantages and limitations of different cell therapy approaches will be discussed.
骨骼肌再生是一种确保组织在损伤或肌肉萎缩症等退行性疾病后修复的过程。卫星细胞，即成年骨骼肌祖细胞，通常被认为是参与骨骼肌再生的主要细胞类型。其在该过程中的作用机制已得到广泛研究。然而，过去十年积累的证据表明，其他细胞类型可能也参与骨骼肌再生。尽管它们对肌肉形成和再生的实际贡献尚不清楚；但如果加以适当的操作，这些细胞可能成为治疗骨骼肌退行性疾病的新型有效细胞来源。中胚层血管前体细胞是一种具有高增殖、迁移和肌源性潜能的血管相关干细胞/祖细胞，非常适合临床应用，已经在临床试验中进行。此外，多能干细胞是包括骨骼肌在内的大多数组织再生的很有前途的来源。肌肉消耗或衰老等严重改变内稳定的情况，可以通过移植供体和/或招募和激活驻留的肌肉干细胞/祖细胞来对抗。本文将讨论不同细胞治疗方法的优缺点。
