Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR 97403-2536, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2013 Aug;15(8):1400-8. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nts338. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
This study investigated the associations of trajectories of cigarette smoking over the high school years with the prior development of childhood sensation seeking and the subsequent use of cigarettes and hookah at age 20/21.
Participants (N = 963) were members of a cohort-sequential longitudinal study, the Oregon Youth Substance Use Project. Sensation seeking was assessed across 4th-8th grades and cigarette smoking was assessed across 9th-12th grades. Cigarette and hookah use was assessed at age 20/21 for 684 of the 963 participants.
Four trajectory classes were identified: Stable High Smokers (6%), Rapid Escalators (8%), Experimenters (15%), and Stable Nonsmokers or very occasional smokers (71%). Membership in any smoker class versus nonsmokers was predicted by initial level and growth of sensation seeking. At age 20/21, there was a positive association between smoking and hookah use for Nonsmokers and Experimenters in high school, whereas this association was not significant for Stable High Smokers or Rapid Escalators.
Level and rate of growth of sensation seeking are risk factors for adolescent smoking during high school (Stable High Smokers, Rapid Escalators, and Experimenters), suggesting the need for interventions to reduce the rate of increase in childhood sensation seeking. For those who were not already established smokers by the end of high school, hookah use may have served as a gateway to smoking.
本研究调查了高中期间吸烟轨迹与儿童期感觉寻求的先前发展以及随后在 20/21 岁时使用香烟和水烟的关系。
参与者（N=963）是队列顺序纵向研究——俄勒冈青年药物使用项目的成员。在 4 至 8 年级期间评估感觉寻求，在 9 至 12 年级期间评估吸烟情况。对于 963 名参与者中的 684 名，在 20/21 岁时评估香烟和水烟的使用情况。
确定了四个轨迹类别：稳定的高吸烟者（6%）、快速上升者（8%）、实验者（15%）和稳定的不吸烟者或偶尔吸烟者（71%）。与非吸烟者相比，任何吸烟者类别中的成员资格由初始水平和感觉寻求的增长预测。在 20/21 岁时，对于高中时的非吸烟者和实验者，吸烟和水烟使用之间存在正相关，而对于稳定的高吸烟者或快速上升者，这种相关性不显著。
感觉寻求的水平和增长速度是青少年在高中期间吸烟的危险因素（稳定的高吸烟者、快速上升者和实验者），这表明需要采取干预措施来降低儿童期感觉寻求的增长率。对于那些在高中结束时还没有成为固定吸烟者的人来说，水烟的使用可能成为吸烟的入口。
