Department of Kinesiology, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, BC, Canada.
Sports Med. 2013 Feb;43(2):111-9. doi: 10.1007/s40279-012-0013-x.
This article examines the nature of exercise addiction. It presents a broad, congruent and discerning narrative literature review with the aim of providing a deeper understanding of the condition 'exercise addiction', including symptoms and options for treatment. In addition, guidelines are provided with respect to 'healthy' levels of exercise. Criteria used for determining the eligibility of studies evaluated in the review included the provision of relevant information in studies identified using pertinent search terms. The review highlights some of the key distinctions between healthy levels of exercise and exercise addiction. The findings suggest that an individual who is addicted to exercise will continue exercising regardless of physical injury, personal inconvenience or disruption to other areas of life including marital strain, interference with work and lack of time for other activities. 'Addicted' exercisers are more likely to exercise for intrinsic rewards and experience disturbing deprivation sensations when unable to exercise. In contrast, 'committed' exercisers engage in physical activity for extrinsic rewards and do not suffer severe withdrawal symptoms when they cannot exercise. Exercisers must acquire a sense of life-balance while embracing an attitude conducive to sustainable long-term physical, psychological and social health outcomes. Implementation of recommendations by the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, which states that all apparently healthy adults between 18 and 64 years of age should accumulate at least 150 minutes of moderate (5 or 6 on a scale of 0-10) to vigorous (7 or 8 on a scale of 0-10) intensity aerobic physical activity per week in bouts of 10 minutes or more, also expressed as 30 minutes per day distributed over 5 days per week, would be a good start.
本文探讨了运动成瘾的本质。它呈现了一个广泛、一致和有洞察力的叙事文献综述，旨在提供对“运动成瘾”这一状况的更深入理解，包括症状和治疗选择。此外，还提供了关于“健康”运动水平的指导方针。用于确定符合审查标准的研究的标准包括使用相关搜索词确定的研究中提供的相关信息。该综述强调了健康运动水平和运动成瘾之间的一些关键区别。研究结果表明，一个对运动上瘾的人会不顾身体受伤、个人不便或生活其他方面的干扰，包括婚姻紧张、工作干扰和缺乏其他活动时间，继续锻炼。“上瘾”的锻炼者更有可能因内在奖励而锻炼，并在无法锻炼时体验到令人不安的剥夺感。相比之下，“坚定”的锻炼者为外在奖励而进行身体活动，当他们无法锻炼时不会出现严重的戒断症状。锻炼者必须在接受有利于可持续长期身心健康的态度的同时，获得生活平衡感。加拿大运动生理学学会的建议的实施，即所有 18 至 64 岁的健康成年人每周应至少积累 150 分钟的中等强度（0-10 级为 5 或 6）或剧烈强度（0-10 级为 7 或 8）有氧体力活动，每次 10 分钟或更长时间，也可以表述为每天 30 分钟，分布在一周 5 天，这将是一个很好的开始。
