MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013 Feb 1;62(4):61-5.
During August 2010-July 2011, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) received reports of six outbreaks and one single case of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), involving a total of 28 persons. CFP results from consumption of certain large, predatory, tropical reef fish that have bioaccumulated ciguatoxins (CTX). CFP is characterized by various gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurologic symptoms. A prolonged period of acute illness can result, and the neurologic symptoms can last months, with variable asymptomatic and symptomatic periods. The first two outbreaks and the single case, involving 13 persons, were reported during August 6-September 13, 2010. DOHMH distributed a health alert in November 2010 requesting health-care providers be alert for CFP signs and symptoms. The health alert resulted in identification of 11 more cases that month and an additional two outbreaks involving four persons in July 2011. In comparison, only four CFP outbreaks, involving 21 persons total, had been reported in New York City (NYC) during the preceding 10 years (2000-2009). DOHMH's investigation revealed that 13 persons became ill after eating barracuda, and 15 became ill after eating grouper. Although specific and highly sensitive laboratory analyses can detect and confirm CTX in fish, no practical field tests are available for fish monitoring programs. CFP prevention depends on educating the public, seafood suppliers, and distributors about known CFP endemic areas and high-risk fish species. Traceback investigations of fish associated with outbreaks provide valuable information regarding fishing areas associated with CFP. Not all fish from CFP endemic areas are ciguatoxic, but persons who eat fish from endemic regions are at higher risk for CFP. If an illness is suspected to be CFP, public health authorities should be notified and informed of the case history for possible investigation and intervention measures.
2010 年 8 月至 2011 年 7 月期间，纽约市卫生局（DOHMH）收到了六起赤潮鱼中毒（CFP）爆发和一起单一病例的报告，涉及 28 人。CFP 是由食用某些大型、掠食性、热带珊瑚鱼而引起的，这些鱼体内积累了雪卡毒素（CTX）。CFP 的特征是各种胃肠道、心血管和神经系统症状。可能会导致长时间的急性疾病，并且神经系统症状可能会持续数月，无症状和有症状的时期各不相同。前两起爆发和一起单一病例，共涉及 13 人，于 2010 年 8 月 6 日至 9 月 13 日报告。2010 年 11 月，DOHMH 发布了一项卫生警报，要求医疗保健提供者警惕 CFP 症状。该卫生警报导致当月又发现了 11 例病例，以及 2011 年 7 月另外两起涉及 4 人的爆发。相比之下，在过去的 10 年（2000-2009 年），纽约市（NYC）总共报告了四起 CFP 爆发，涉及 21 人。DOHMH 的调查显示，有 13 人在食用梭鱼后生病，15 人在食用石斑鱼后生病。尽管特定且高度敏感的实验室分析可以检测和确认鱼中的 CTX，但目前没有实用的现场测试可供鱼类监测计划使用。CFP 的预防取决于向公众、海鲜供应商和分销商宣传已知的 CFP 流行地区和高风险鱼类物种。与爆发相关的鱼类溯源调查提供了有关与 CFP 相关的捕捞区域的宝贵信息。并非所有来自 CFP 流行地区的鱼类都具有雪卡毒性，但食用来自流行地区的鱼类的人患 CFP 的风险更高。如果怀疑患有 CFP，应通知公共卫生当局，并提供病例史，以便进行可能的调查和干预措施。
