Attar Suzan M, Siddiqui Aisha M
Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University, PO Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Oman Med J. 2013 Jan;28(1):42-7. doi: 10.5001/omj.2013.10.
Hypovitaminosis D is common in the general population. Many studies that have been conducted to show the association between vitamin D deficiency and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reveal that deficiencies in vitamin D are common in this group of patients. Our aim was to study the relationship between 25(OH)D and disease activity in patients with SLE.
Retrospective cohort study of patients with SLE who were followed up at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, from January 2007 to November 2010. Demographic and clinical data were recorded and the 25(OH)D levels of the patients were measured. Chi square tests, Student's t-test, ANOVA and Pearson tests were used for data analysis. ANOVA test was followed by Bonferroni correction. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Ninety-five patients with SLE were enrolled in the study. The levels of 25(OH)D were significantly lower in patients with active SLE (n=41; 43%) than in those with inactive disease (n=54; 57%; p=0.04). The mean (SD) levels were 22.3 (14) nmol/L for patients with active disease against 25.0 (14) nmol/L for patients with inactive SLE. No correlation was detected between 25(OH) D levels and disease activity score evaluated by SLEDAI-2K. By Pearson correlation, a significant negative correlation existed between 25(OH) D and anti ds-DNA (r=-0.38; p<0.001); a positive correlation existed between 25(OH)D levels and C4 (r=0.25; p=0.25). By chi square testing, azathioprine treatment (OR=3.5), low C4 (OR= 2.23), low C3 (OR=1.92), and active disease (OR=1.6) were associated with 25(OH)D deficiency in SLE patients.
Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in patients with SLE. Patients with SLE have a higher risk of developing 25(OH)D deficiency in the presence of low serum C3 and C4 levels, and high anti-dsDNA levels.
维生素D缺乏在普通人群中很常见。许多旨在表明维生素D缺乏与系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）之间关联的研究显示，维生素D缺乏在这类患者中很常见。我们的目的是研究SLE患者中25（OH）D与疾病活动度之间的关系。
对2007年1月至2010年11月在吉达阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院接受随访的SLE患者进行回顾性队列研究。记录人口统计学和临床数据，并测量患者的25（OH）D水平。采用卡方检验、学生t检验、方差分析和皮尔逊检验进行数据分析。方差分析后进行邦费罗尼校正。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
95例SLE患者纳入研究。活动期SLE患者（n = 41；43%）的25（OH）D水平显著低于非活动期患者（n = 54；57%；p = 0.04）。活动期疾病患者的平均（标准差）水平为22.3（14）nmol/L，而非活动期SLE患者为25.0（14）nmol/L。未检测到25（OH）D水平与SLEDAI - 2K评估的疾病活动评分之间存在相关性。通过皮尔逊相关性分析，25（OH）D与抗双链DNA之间存在显著负相关（r = -0.38；p < 0.001）；25（OH）D水平与C4之间存在正相关（r = 0.25；p = 0.25）。通过卡方检验，硫唑嘌呤治疗（OR = 3.5）、低C4（OR = 2.23）、低C3（OR = 1.92）和活动期疾病（OR = 1.6）与SLE患者的25（OH）D缺乏相关。
SLE患者中维生素D缺乏很常见。血清C3和C4水平低以及抗双链DNA水平高的SLE患者发生25（OH）D缺乏的风险更高。
