Rincón-Bedoya Elizabeth, Velásquez Nelly, Quijano Jairo, Bravo-Linares Claudio
Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Química, Valdivia, Chile.
J Environ Health. 2013 Jan-Feb;75(6):28-36.
Water used for human consumption may contain mutagens and carcinogens generated during the disinfection process with chlorine. In the study described in this article, the mutagenicity and genotoxicity of water samples taken from the San Cristobal treatment plant in Medellin, Colombia, were evaluated. Short-term mutagenic and genotoxic assays using the Ames test and comet assay, respectively, were employed to examine the genotoxic activity of the extracts of these water samples. Two samples were taken before and after the chlorination process. The treated water samples without chlorination did not show mutagenic effects using the Ames test, while the chlorinated samples produced mutagenic activity in both strains. A dose-response relationship for the comet assay was obtained only in the chlorinated samples. MX (3-chloro-4-[dichloromethyl]-5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone), E-MX ([E]-2-chloro-3-[dichloromethyl]-4-oxobutenoic acid), and some trihalomethanes were detected at low concentrations. These concentrations were enough, however, to cause detectable mutagenic and genotoxic activity in the extracts of chlorinated water samples.
供人类饮用的水可能含有在氯消毒过程中产生的诱变剂和致癌物质。在本文所述的研究中，对取自哥伦比亚麦德林圣克里斯托瓦尔处理厂的水样的诱变性和遗传毒性进行了评估。分别使用艾姆斯试验和彗星试验进行短期诱变和遗传毒性测定，以检测这些水样提取物的遗传毒性活性。在氯化过程前后采集了两个样本。未氯化的处理后水样在艾姆斯试验中未显示诱变作用，而氯化后的样本在两种菌株中均产生了诱变活性。仅在氯化样本中获得了彗星试验的剂量反应关系。检测到低浓度的MX（3-氯-4-[二氯甲基]-5-羟基-2[5H]-呋喃酮）、E-MX（[E]-2-氯-3-[二氯甲基]-4-氧代丁酸）和一些三卤甲烷。然而，这些浓度足以在氯化水样提取物中引起可检测到的诱变和遗传毒性活性。
