Nieminen Pentti, Panychev Dmitry, Lyalyushkin Sergei, Komarov German, Nikanov Alexander, Borisenko Mark, Kinnula Vuokko L, Toljamo Tuula
Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2013;72. doi: 10.3402/ijch.v72i0.19742. Epub 2013 Feb 22.
In some parts of the northwest Russia, Murmansk region, high exposures to heavy mining and refining industrial air pollution, especially sulphur dioxide, have been documented.
Our aim was to evaluate whether living in the mining area would be an independent risk factor of the respiratory symptoms.
A cross-sectional survey of 200 Murmansk region adult citizens was performed. The main outcome variable was prolonged cough with sputum production that fulfilled the criteria of chronic bronchitis.
Of the 200 participants, 53 (26.5%) stated that they had experienced chronic cough with phlegm during the last 2 years. The prevalence was higher among those subjects living in the mining area with its high pollution compared to those living outside this region (35% vs. 18%). Multivariable regression model confirmed that the risk for the chronic cough with sputum production was elevated in a statistical significant manner in the mining and refining area (adjusted OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.07-4.35) after adjustment for smoking status, age and sex.
The increased level of sulphur dioxide emitted during nickel mining and refining may explain these adverse health effects. This information is important for medical authorities when they make recommendations and issue guidelines regarding the relationship between environmental pollution and health outcomes.
在俄罗斯西北部的一些地区，摩尔曼斯克地区，已有记录表明当地居民暴露于大量采矿和精炼工业空气污染中，尤其是二氧化硫。
我们的目的是评估生活在矿区是否会成为呼吸道症状的独立危险因素。
对200名摩尔曼斯克地区成年公民进行了横断面调查。主要结局变量是符合慢性支气管炎标准的伴有咳痰的持续性咳嗽。
在200名参与者中，53人（26.5%）表示在过去两年中曾经历过慢性咳痰咳嗽。与生活在该地区以外的人相比，生活在污染严重的矿区的人群中该患病率更高（35%对18%）。多变量回归模型证实，在调整吸烟状况、年龄和性别后，矿区和精炼区伴有咳痰的慢性咳嗽风险在统计学上显著升高（调整后的比值比为2.16，95%置信区间为1.07 - 4.35）。
镍矿开采和精炼过程中排放的二氧化硫水平升高可能解释了这些不良健康影响。这些信息对于医疗当局在就环境污染与健康结果之间的关系提出建议和发布指南时非常重要。
