Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Nutr Cancer. 2013;65(2):202-26. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2013.756534.
Since meat may be involved in the etiology of colorectal cancer, associations between meat-related compounds were examined to elucidate underlying mechanisms in a population-based case-control study. Participants (989 cases/1,033 healthy controls) completed a food frequency questionnaire with a meat-specific module. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between meat variables and colorectal cancer; polytomous logistic regression was used for subsite-specific analyses. The following significant positive associations were observed for meat-related compounds: 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx) and colorectal, distal colon, and rectal tumors; 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and colorectal and colon cancer tumors; nitrites/nitrates and proximal colon cancer; 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and rectal cancer; and benzo[a]pyrene and rectal cancer (P-trends < 0.05). For analyses by meat type, cooking method, and doneness preference, positive associations between red processed meat and proximal colon cancer and pan-fried red meat and colorectal cancer were found (P-trends < 0.05). Inverse associations were observed between unprocessed poultry and colorectal, colon, proximal colon, and rectal tumors; grilled/barbequed poultry and proximal colon cancer; and well-done/charred poultry and colorectal, colon, and proximal colon tumors (P-trends < 0.05). HCAs, PAHs, nitrites, and nitrates may be involved in colorectal cancer etiology. Further examination into the unexpected inverse associations between poultry and colorectal cancer is warranted.
由于肉类可能与结直肠癌的病因有关，因此在一项基于人群的病例对照研究中，研究了与肉类相关的化合物之间的关系，以阐明其潜在机制。参与者（989 例病例/1033 例健康对照）完成了一份带有肉类特定模块的食物频率问卷。多变量逻辑回归用于检查肉类变量与结直肠癌之间的关联；多项式逻辑回归用于亚部位特异性分析。与肉类相关的化合物存在以下显著正相关：2-氨基-3,4,8-三甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉（DiMeIQx）与结直肠、远端结肠和直肠肿瘤；2-氨基-3,8-二甲基咪唑[4,5-f]喹喔啉（MeIQx）与结直肠癌和结肠癌肿瘤；亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐与近端结肠癌；2-氨基-1-甲基-6-苯基咪唑[4,5-b]吡啶（PhIP）与直肠癌；以及苯并[a]芘与直肠癌（P-趋势<0.05）。对于按肉类类型、烹饪方法和熟度偏好进行的分析，发现红加工肉类与近端结肠癌以及煎红肉类与结直肠癌之间存在正相关（P-趋势<0.05）。未加工家禽与结直肠、结肠、近端结肠和直肠肿瘤之间存在负相关；烤/烧烤家禽与近端结肠癌之间存在负相关；以及熟透/烧焦家禽与结直肠、结肠和近端结肠肿瘤之间存在负相关（P-趋势<0.05）。杂环胺、多环芳烃、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐可能与结直肠癌的病因有关。有必要进一步研究家禽与结直肠癌之间意外的负相关关系。
