ICRH- International Centre for Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185 - P3, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2013 Feb 25;13:77. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-77.
Sub-Saharan transmigrants in Morocco are extremely vulnerable to sexual violence. From a public health perspective, the healthcare system is globally considered an important partner in the prevention of sexual violence. The aim of this study is twofold. In a first phase, we aimed to identify the current role and position of the Moroccan healthcare sector in the prevention of sexual violence against sub-Saharan transmigrants. In a second phase, we wanted these results and available guidelines to be the topic of a participatory process with local stakeholders in order to formulate recommendations for a more desirable prevention of sexual violence against sub-Saharan transmigrants by the Moroccan healthcare sector.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of healthcare workers in Morocco concerning sexual violence against sub-Saharan transmigrants and its prevention were firstly explored in semi-structured interviews after which they were discussed in a participatory process resulting in the formulation of recommendations.
All participants (n=24) acknowledged the need for desirable prevention of sexual violence against transmigrants. Furthermore, important barriers in tertiary prevention practices, i.e. psychosocial and judicial referral and long-term follow-up, and in secondary prevention attitudes, i.e. active identification of victims were identified. Moreover, existing services for Moroccan victims of sexual violence currently do not address the sub-Saharan population. Thus, transmigrants are bound to rely on the aid of civil society.
This research demonstrates the low accessibility of existing Moroccan services for sub-Saharan migrants. In particular, there is an absence of prevention initiatives addressing sexual violence against the sub-Saharan transmigrant population. Although healthcare workers do wish to develop prevention initiatives, they are dealing with structural difficulties and a lack of expertise. Recommendations adapted to the context of sub-Saharan transmigrants in Morocco are suggested.
在摩洛哥，撒哈拉以南移民极易遭受性暴力。从公共卫生的角度来看，医疗保健系统被普遍视为预防性暴力的重要合作伙伴。本研究旨在实现两个目标。在第一阶段，我们旨在确定摩洛哥医疗保健部门在预防针对撒哈拉以南移民的性暴力方面的当前作用和地位。在第二阶段，我们希望这些结果和现有指南成为与当地利益相关者参与过程的主题，以便为摩洛哥医疗保健部门制定更理想的预防针对撒哈拉以南移民的性暴力建议。
在半结构化访谈中，首先探讨了摩洛哥医疗保健工作者对撒哈拉以南移民遭受性暴力及其预防的知识、态度和做法，然后在参与式过程中对其进行了讨论，从而制定了建议。
所有参与者（n=24）都承认需要对移民进行理想的性暴力预防。此外，还确定了三级预防实践中的重要障碍，即心理社会和司法转介以及长期随访，以及二级预防态度，即主动识别受害者。此外，目前针对摩洛哥性暴力受害者的现有服务并未针对撒哈拉以南人口。因此，移民只能依靠民间社会的援助。
这项研究表明，现有的摩洛哥服务对撒哈拉以南移民的可及性很低。特别是，针对撒哈拉以南移民人口的性暴力预防举措缺失。尽管医疗保健工作者确实希望制定预防举措，但他们面临着结构性困难和缺乏专业知识。建议针对摩洛哥撒哈拉以南移民的情况制定建议。
