LBJ School of Public Affairs, University of Texas at Austin, 2315 Red River, Box Y, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Oct;21(10):2153-6. doi: 10.1002/oby.20395. Epub 2013 May 31.
Little is known about the prevalence of child obesity in the US before the first national survey in 1963. There is disagreement about whether the obesity epidemic is entirely a recent phenomenon or a continuation of longstanding trends.
The BMIs of 1,116 children who participated in the Fels Longitudinal Study near Dayton, Ohio were analyzed. Children were born between 1930 and 1993 and measured between 3 and 18 years of age.
Between the birth cohorts of 1930 and 1993, the prevalence of obesity rose from 0 to 14% among boys and from 2 to 12% among girls. The prevalence of overweight rose from 10 to 28% among boys and from 9 to 21% among girls. The mean BMI Z score rose from +0.25 to +0.72 among boys and from -0.11 to +0.26 among girls. Among boys, all these increases began after birth year 1970. Among girls, obesity began to rise after birth year 1980, but overweight and BMI Z-scores were already rising as early as the 1930s and 1940s.
Most of the results suggest that the child obesity epidemic was recent and sudden. The recency of the epidemic offers some hope that it may be reversed.
在 1963 年首次进行全国性调查之前，美国儿童肥胖症的流行情况鲜为人知。关于肥胖症是否完全是最近才出现的现象，还是长期趋势的延续，存在分歧。
分析了俄亥俄州代顿附近费尔斯纵向研究中 1116 名儿童的 BMI。这些儿童出生于 1930 年至 1993 年之间，在 3 至 18 岁之间进行了测量。
在 1930 年至 1993 年的出生队列中，男孩肥胖症的患病率从 0 上升到 14%，女孩肥胖症的患病率从 2 上升到 12%。男孩超重的患病率从 10 上升到 28%，女孩超重的患病率从 9 上升到 21%。男孩的平均 BMI Z 评分从+0.25 上升到+0.72，女孩的平均 BMI Z 评分从-0.11 上升到+0.26。在男孩中，所有这些增长都始于 1970 年以后的出生年份。在女孩中，肥胖症始于 1980 年以后的出生年份，但超重和 BMI Z 评分早在 20 世纪 30 年代和 40 年代就已经开始上升。
大多数结果表明，儿童肥胖症的流行是最近才出现的，且突然爆发。流行的新近性为其可能被逆转提供了一些希望。
