Coletti Dario, Berardi Emanuele, Aulino Paola, Rossi Eleonora, Moresi Viviana, Li Zhenlin, Adamo Sergio
UR4 Aging, Stress, Inflammation, University Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2013;2013:237260. doi: 10.1155/2013/237260. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
Recent studies strengthen the belief that physical activity as a behavior has a genetic basis. Screening wheel-running behavior in inbred mouse strains highlighted differences among strains, showing that even very limited genetic differences deeply affect mouse behavior. We extended this observation to substrains of the same inbred mouse strain, that is, BALB/c mice. We found that only a minority of the population of one of these substrains, the BALB/c J, performs spontaneous physical activity. In addition, the runners of this substrain cover a significantly smaller distance than the average runners of two other substrains, namely, the BALB/c ByJ and the BALB/c AnNCrl. The latter shows a striking level of voluntary activity, with the average distance run/day reaching up to about 12 kilometers. These runners are not outstanders, but they represent the majority of the population, with important scientific and economic fallouts to be taken into account during experimental planning. Spontaneous activity persists in pathological conditions, such as cancer-associated cachexia. This important amount of physical activity results in a minor muscle adaptation to endurance exercise over a three-week period; indeed, only a nonsignificant increase in NADH transferase+ fibers occurs in this time frame.
近期研究强化了这样一种信念，即身体活动作为一种行为具有遗传基础。对近交系小鼠品系的转轮行为进行筛选，凸显了各品系之间的差异，表明即使是非常有限的基因差异也会深刻影响小鼠行为。我们将这一观察结果扩展到同一近交系小鼠品系的亚系，即BALB/c小鼠。我们发现，在这些亚系之一的BALB/c J品系中，只有少数个体表现出自发身体活动。此外，该亚系的跑步者所跑的距离明显短于另外两个亚系（即BALB/c ByJ和BALB/c AnNCrl）的平均跑步者。后者表现出惊人的自发活动水平，平均每天跑步距离可达约12公里。这些跑步者并非出众个体，但他们代表了大多数群体，在实验规划过程中需要考虑到其重要的科学和经济影响。自发活动在病理状况下持续存在，比如癌症相关性恶病质。在为期三周的时间里，如此大量的身体活动仅导致肌肉对耐力运动产生轻微适应；实际上，在此时间段内NADH转移酶阳性纤维仅出现不显著的增加。
