Chen H C
Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin.
Mem Cognit. 1990 May;18(3):279-88. doi: 10.3758/bf03213881.
In three experiments, native Chinese speakers were asked to use their native and non-native languages to read and translate Chinese words and to name pictures. In Experiment 1, four groups of subjects with various degrees of proficiency in their second language, English, participated. In Experiments 2 and 3, subjects were first asked to learn a list of words in a new language, French, using either Chinese words or pictures as media; then they performed the reading, naming, and translation tasks. All subjects performed better in reading words than in naming pictures, when responding in Chinese. When the response was in the non-native language (English or French), high-learning subjects were equally efficient in translation and picture-naming tasks. Low-learning subjects, however, performed better in either the translation or the picture-naming task, depending on their learning strategies. These results are consistent with the idea that both proficiency in a non-native language and the strategy for acquiring the language are main determinants for the pattern of lexical processing in that language.
在三项实验中，以汉语为母语的人被要求用其母语和非母语阅读并翻译中文单词以及为图片命名。在实验1中，四组在其第二语言英语方面具有不同熟练程度的受试者参与其中。在实验2和3中，受试者首先被要求使用中文单词或图片作为媒介，学习一组新语言（法语）的单词列表；然后他们进行阅读、命名和翻译任务。当用中文作答时，所有受试者在阅读单词方面的表现都优于为图片命名。当用非母语（英语或法语）作答时，学习程度高的受试者在翻译和图片命名任务中的效率相当。然而，学习程度低的受试者在翻译或图片命名任务中的表现更好，这取决于他们的学习策略。这些结果与以下观点一致，即对非母语的熟练程度以及习得该语言的策略都是该语言词汇加工模式的主要决定因素。
