Karusisi Noëlla, Thomas Frédérique, Méline Julie, Chaix Basile
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2013 Apr 20;10:48. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-48.
Physical activity is considered as a major component of a healthy lifestyle. However, few studies have examined the relationships between the spatial accessibility to sport facilities and sport practice with a sufficient degree of specificity. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between the spatial accessibility to specific types of sports facilities and the practice of the corresponding sports after carefully controlling for various individual socio-demographic characteristics and neighborhood socioeconomic variables.
Data from the RECORD Study involving 7290 participants recruited in 2007-2008, aged 30-79 years, and residing in the Paris metropolitan area were analyzed. Four categories of sports were studied: team sports, racket sports, swimming and related activities, and fitness. Spatial accessibility to sport facilities was measured with two complementary approaches that both take into account the street network (distance to the nearest facility and count of facilities around the dwelling). Associations between the spatial accessibility to sport facilities and the practice of the corresponding sports were assessed using multilevel logistic regression after adjusting for individual and contextual characteristics.
High individual education and high household income were associated with the practice of racket sports, swimming or related activities, and fitness over the previous 7 days. The spatial accessibility to swimming pools was associated with swimming and related sports, even after adjustment for individual/contextual factors. The spatial accessibility to facilities was not related to the practice of other sports. High neighborhood income was associated with the practice of a racket sport and fitness.
Accessibility is a multi-dimensional concept that integrates educational, financial, and geographical aspects. Our work supports the evidence that strategies to increase participation in sport activities should improve the spatial and financial access to specific facilities, but also address educational disparities in sport practice.
体育活动被视为健康生活方式的一个主要组成部分。然而，很少有研究以足够的特异性程度来考察体育设施的空间可达性与体育锻炼之间的关系。本研究的目的是在仔细控制各种个体社会人口学特征和邻里社会经济变量之后，调查特定类型体育设施的空间可达性与相应体育运动的锻炼之间的关联。
对来自记录研究的数据进行分析，该研究纳入了2007 - 2008年招募的、年龄在30 - 79岁之间、居住在巴黎大都市区的7290名参与者。研究了四类体育运动：团队运动、球拍运动、游泳及相关活动、健身运动。采用两种互补的方法来衡量体育设施的空间可达性，这两种方法都考虑了街道网络（到最近设施的距离以及住所周围设施的数量）。在调整个体和背景特征之后，使用多水平逻辑回归来评估体育设施的空间可达性与相应体育运动的锻炼之间的关联。
高个体教育水平和高家庭收入与过去7天内进行球拍运动、游泳或相关活动以及健身运动有关。即使在调整个体/背景因素之后，游泳池的空间可达性与游泳及相关运动有关。设施的空间可达性与其他体育运动的锻炼无关。高邻里收入与球拍运动和健身运动的锻炼有关。
可达性是一个整合了教育、经济和地理方面的多维度概念。我们的研究支持这样的证据，即增加体育活动参与度的策略应改善对特定设施的空间和经济可达性，同时也应解决体育锻炼方面的教育差异问题。
