Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 3034, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2013 May;52(5 Suppl):S1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.02.016.
Given the continued growth in the number of persons with cancer in the United States, the primary prevention of cancer remains an urgent public health priority. As the field of cancer prevention continues to mature and scientific knowledge evolves, it is imperative to challenge the status quo and embrace new approaches to cancer prevention. In this commentary, we summarize recent trends and some of the scientific advances that have been made over the past few decades regarding the complex process of cancer development and the interaction of individual and social risk factors. We examine some of the assumptions and terminology that have characterized cancer prevention approaches for more than a quarter century and the impact of these assumptions and our use of terminology. We propose that it is possible for today's youth to experience lower cancer incidence rates as adults compared with previous generations. To accomplish this goal, a more transdisciplinary and multifaceted approach is needed, adapted as appropriate for different populations and stages of life. The greatest improvements in cancer prevention may occur as a result of innovative, multilevel interventions that build on the expanding scientific evidence base.
鉴于美国癌症患者人数持续增长，癌症的一级预防仍然是一项紧迫的公共卫生重点。随着癌症预防领域的不断成熟和科学知识的不断发展，必须挑战现状，接受癌症预防的新方法。在这篇评论中，我们总结了过去几十年中关于癌症发展的复杂过程和个体及社会风险因素相互作用的最新趋势和一些科学进展。我们研究了一些特征癌症预防方法超过四分之一个世纪的假设和术语，以及这些假设和我们使用的术语的影响。我们提出，今天的年轻人成年后可能比前几代人经历更低的癌症发病率。为了实现这一目标，需要采取更加跨学科和多方面的方法，并根据不同的人群和生命阶段进行适当调整。癌症预防的最大改进可能是由于创新的多层次干预措施，这些措施建立在不断扩大的科学证据基础上。
