Division of Primary Care Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Pediatrics. 2013 May;131(5):e1605-18. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-1615. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
The Positive Youth Development (PYD) framework has been successfully used to support at-risk youth. However, its effectiveness in fostering positive outcomes for adolescents with chronic illness has not been established. We performed a systematic review of PYD-consistent programs for adolescents with chronic illness.
Data sources included PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychINFO. Guided by an analytic framework, we searched for studies of PYD-consistent programs serving adolescents and young adults aged 13 through 24 with chronic illness. References were screened iteratively with increasing depth until a focused cohort was obtained and reviewed in full. The authors separately reviewed the studies using structured analysis forms. Relevant study details were abstracted during the review process.
Fifteen studies describing 14 programs were included in the analysis. Three comprehensive programs included all 3 core components of a PYD program, including opportunities for youth leadership, skill building, and sustained connections between youth and adults. Four programs were primarily mentoring programs, and 7 others focused on youth leadership. Programs served youth with a variety of chronic illnesses. The quality and type of evaluation varied considerably, with most reporting psychosocial outcomes but only a few including medical outcomes.
The PYD-consistent programs identified in this review can serve as models for the development of youth development programs for adolescents with chronic illness. Additional study is needed to evaluate such programs rigorously with respect to both psychosocial and health-related outcomes. PYD-consistent programs have the potential to reach youth with chronic illness and promote positive adult outcomes broadly.
积极青年发展（PYD）框架已成功用于支持高危青年。然而，其在培养慢性病青少年积极结果方面的有效性尚未确定。我们对针对慢性病青少年的 PYD 一致计划进行了系统评价。
数据来源包括 PubMed、CINAHL 和 PsychINFO。我们根据分析框架搜索了针对年龄在 13 至 24 岁的患有慢性病的青少年和年轻成人的 PYD 一致计划的研究。参考文献通过迭代筛选进行，深度逐渐增加，直到获得并全面审查了重点队列。作者分别使用结构化分析表格审查了这些研究。在审查过程中摘录了相关研究细节。
有 15 项研究描述了 14 个项目被纳入分析。三个综合项目包括 PYD 计划的所有 3 个核心组成部分，包括青年领导力、技能培养和青年与成人之间的持续联系的机会。四个项目主要是导师计划，另外七个项目侧重于青年领导力。计划为患有各种慢性病的青少年提供服务。评估的质量和类型差异很大，大多数报告了社会心理结果，但只有少数报告了医疗结果。
本评价中确定的 PYD 一致计划可以作为为慢性病青少年制定青年发展计划的模型。需要进一步研究，以便严格评估此类计划在社会心理和健康相关结果方面的效果。PYD 一致计划有可能接触到患有慢性病的青年，并广泛促进积极的成人结果。
