Restorative Dentistry, Glasgow Dental Hospital , Glasgow , UK.
Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 Nov;71(6):1594-8. doi: 10.3109/00016357.2013.780290. Epub 2013 May 3.
This study analyzed the antimicrobial effect of five irrigants formulated from different parts of the tree Azadirachta indica (Neem) and compared with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate through an agar diffusion test.
A clinical isolate of Candida albicans was innoculated on Sabourad Dextrose Agar and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) on Sheep Blood Agar. Wells with 6 mm diameter were created in agar and 100 μL aliquiots of each irrigant were introduced to five different wells. After incubation, the largest uniform diameter of the inhibition zone was recorded.
The leaf extract of the tree and a mixture of the seed-bark powder dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide were active against both organisms. The other neem-based irrigants, a leaf powder dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, aqueous bark decoction and neem oil, did not possess any antimicrobial efficacy. Sodium hypochlorite completely inhibited growth of C. albicans and the leaf extract had larger inhibition zones than chlorhexidine (p = 0.011) or the seed-bark irrigant (p = 0.008). Against E. faecalis, inhibition zones with chlorhexidine were the largest and differed significantly from sodium hypochlorite (p = 0.039), leaf extract (p = 0.008) and seed-bark irrigant (p = 0.011).
Two neem irrigants displayed antimicrobial properties. The efficacy of the standard endodontic irrigants varied depending on the organisms tested.
Neem-based endodontic irrigants may be formulated for clinical application.
本研究通过琼脂扩散试验分析了从印楝树（Neem）不同部位提取的五种冲洗液的抗菌效果，并与 2.5%次氯酸钠和 0.2%葡萄糖酸氯己定进行比较。
将白色念珠菌临床分离株接种于沙氏葡萄糖琼脂，粪肠球菌（ATCC 29212）接种于绵羊血琼脂。在琼脂中创建直径为 6 毫米的孔，将 100μL 各冲洗液等分试样引入五个不同的孔中。孵育后，记录最大的抑菌圈均匀直径。
树的叶提取物和溶解在二甲基亚砜中的种子-树皮粉混合物对两种生物体均具有活性。其他基于印楝的冲洗液，即溶解在二甲基亚砜中的叶粉、水提树皮煎剂和印楝油，没有任何抗菌功效。次氯酸钠完全抑制了白色念珠菌的生长，而叶提取物的抑菌圈比洗必泰（p=0.011）或种子-树皮冲洗液（p=0.008）更大。对于粪肠球菌，洗必泰的抑菌圈最大，与次氯酸钠（p=0.039）、叶提取物（p=0.008）和种子-树皮冲洗液（p=0.011）差异有统计学意义。
两种印楝冲洗液具有抗菌特性。标准牙髓冲洗液的功效因测试的生物体而异。
基于印楝的牙髓冲洗剂可用于临床应用。
