Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2013 Jul;26 Suppl 1:97-104. doi: 10.1111/jhn.12042. Epub 2013 May 17.
The present study aimed to assess the effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting on body weight and composition and the effects of age and sex.
Body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were measured, body mass index (BMI) was calculated and fat mass, fat-free mass and percentage body fat were assessed by bioelectrical impedance on 240 adult subjects (male: 158) who fasted between sunrise and sunset for at least 20 days. Measurements were taken 1 week before and 1 week after Ramadan. Energy and macronutrient intakes were assessed using a 3-day food frequency questionnaire on a sub-sample of subjects before and during Ramadan.
Subjects were grouped according to age and sex: ≤35 years (n = 82, males: 31) and 36-70 years (n = 158, males: 127). There were significant reductions in weight and BMI (P < 0.001) in almost all subjects, with the biggest being in males ≤35 years [-2.2% (SE 2.2%), P < 0.001]. Waist and hip circumferences fell in most subjects, except females aged 36-70 years. Fat mass fell in most subjects, ranging from 2.3% to 4.3% from baseline, except in females aged 36-70 years who did not experience a significant change. Fat-free mass was significantly reduced in all subjects (P < 0.001), whereas percentage body fat was lower only in males by 2.5% (SE 3.2%) (P = 0.029) in those aged ≤35 years and by 1.1% (SE 1.5%) (P < 0.001) in those aged 36-70 years. Dietary intake was similar before and during Ramadan, except in males whose protein intake fell during Ramadan (P = 0.032).
Ramadan fasting leads to weight loss and fat-free mass reductions. Body composition changes vary depending on age and sex.
本研究旨在评估斋月间歇性禁食对体重和成分的影响，以及年龄和性别因素的影响。
对 240 名成年受试者（男性 158 名）进行了体重、身高、腰围和臀围测量，计算了体重指数（BMI），并通过生物电阻抗法评估了脂肪量、去脂体重和体脂百分比。这些受试者至少在日出到日落期间禁食了 20 天。在斋月前后，对其中一部分受试者进行了为期 3 天的食物频率问卷调查，以评估能量和宏量营养素的摄入量。
根据年龄和性别将受试者分为≤35 岁（n=82，男性 31 名）和 36-70 岁（n=158，男性 127 名）两组。几乎所有受试者的体重和 BMI 均显著下降（P<0.001），其中≤35 岁的男性下降幅度最大，为-2.2%（SE 2.2%，P<0.001）。大多数受试者的腰围和臀围缩小，除了 36-70 岁的女性。大多数受试者的脂肪量下降，从基线下降 2.3%-4.3%，除了 36-70 岁的女性没有明显变化。所有受试者的去脂体重均显著降低（P<0.001），而只有≤35 岁的男性体脂百分比降低了 2.5%（SE 3.2%）（P=0.029），36-70 岁的男性降低了 1.1%（SE 1.5%）（P<0.001）。斋月前后的饮食摄入相似，除了男性在斋月期间蛋白质摄入下降（P=0.032）。
斋月禁食导致体重和去脂体重减轻，体成分变化取决于年龄和性别。
