Farooq Abdulaziz, Herrera Christopher Paul, Almudahka Fuad, Mansour Rita
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2015 Jun;115(6):889-97. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2015.02.012. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Intermittent fasting during the month of Ramadan, although not obligatory, is commonly practiced by Muslim children.
Our aim was to describe the effects of Ramadan fasting on various physiological and neurobehavioral measures in preteen and teenaged boys.
We conduced a prospective cohort study during Ramadan, observed from August 9 to September 11, 2010.
Eighteen healthy Muslim boys (mean age±standard deviation 12.6±1.5 years) were recruited and assessed before, during (1st and 4th weeks), and after Ramadan. Subjects were classified as preteens (aged 9 to 12 years) or teens (aged 13 to 15 years).
On each clinic visit, participants completed a match-to-sample test, a spatial planning and working memory task, and a working memory capacity test using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Participants were also assessed for their sleep patterns, daily energy expenditure, and dietary intake. Body composition was determined using a dual-energy x-ray scan. Complete blood count, lipid profile analysis, and iron indices were conducted.
We measured morphologic, metabolic, and neurobehavioral parameters.
A linear mixed model was used to assess changes in outcome measures. Post hoc pairwise comparisons were performed as necessary with Bonferroni adjustment.
Within 1 week of fasting, there was a drop in body fat only in preteens (P=0.001). Reported fat (P=0.004) and protein intake (P=0.037) was higher during Ramadan, but energy expenditure did not change. By the end of Ramadan, there was a significant reduction in hemoglobin (mean±standard error -0.48±0.4 mmol/L) and serum iron (-25.7±31.8 μg/dL [-4.6±5.7 μmol/L]) levels. During week 4, total sleep duration decreased by 1.8 hours. At week 4, performance on the spatial planning and working memory task and working memory capacity test increased significantly (P=0.002), while match-to-sample test performance declined in preteens only (P=0.045).
Ramadan fasting was associated with significant changes in body composition, dietary intake, and sleep patterns. Reductions in attention and iron indices were observed in preteens only.
斋月期间的间歇性禁食，虽非强制要求，但穆斯林儿童普遍践行。
我们的目的是描述斋月禁食对青春期前及青少年男孩各种生理和神经行为指标的影响。
我们在2010年8月9日至9月11日斋月期间进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。
招募了18名健康的穆斯林男孩（平均年龄±标准差12.6±1.5岁），并在斋月前、期间（第1周和第4周）及之后进行评估。受试者分为青春期前儿童（9至12岁）或青少年（13至15岁）。
每次门诊就诊时，参与者使用剑桥神经心理测试自动成套系统完成一项匹配样本测试、一项空间规划和工作记忆任务以及一项工作记忆容量测试。还对参与者的睡眠模式、每日能量消耗和饮食摄入进行了评估。使用双能X射线扫描确定身体成分。进行了全血细胞计数、血脂分析和铁指标检测。
我们测量了形态学、代谢和神经行为参数。
使用线性混合模型评估观察指标的变化。必要时进行事后两两比较并采用Bonferroni校正。
禁食1周内，仅青春期前儿童的体脂下降（P = 0.001）。斋月期间报告的脂肪摄入量（P = 0.004）和蛋白质摄入量（P = 0.037）较高，但能量消耗未改变。斋月结束时，血红蛋白（均值±标准误 -0.48±0.4 mmol/L）和血清铁（-25.7±31.8 μg/dL [-4.6±5.7 μmol/L]）水平显著降低。在第4周，总睡眠时间减少了1.8小时。在第4周，空间规划和工作记忆任务以及工作记忆容量测试的表现显著提高（P = 0.002），而仅青春期前儿童的匹配样本测试表现下降（P = 0.045）。
斋月禁食与身体成分、饮食摄入和睡眠模式的显著变化有关。仅在青春期前儿童中观察到注意力和铁指标下降。
