Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, TMD Clinic, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
J Oral Rehabil. 2013 Aug;40(8):631-42. doi: 10.1111/joor.12069. Epub 2013 May 24.
The aim of the present investigation was to perform a systematic review of the literature dealing with the issue of sleep bruxism prevalence in children at the general population level. Quality assessment of the reviewed papers was performed to identify flaws in the external and internal validity. Cut-off criteria for an acceptable external validity were established to select studies for the discussion of prevalence data. A total of 22 publications were included in the review, most of which had methodological problems limiting their external validity. Prevalence data extraction was performed only on eight papers that were consistent as for the sampling strategy and showed only minor external validity problems, but they had some common internal validity flaws related with the definition of sleep bruxism measures. All the selected papers based sleep bruxism diagnosis on proxy reports by the parents, and no epidemiological data were available from studies adopting other diagnostic strategies (e.g. polysomnography or electromyography). The reported prevalence was highly variable between the studies (3·5-40·6%), with a commonly described decrease with age and no gender differences. A very high variability in sleep bruxism prevalence in children was found, due to the different age groups under investigation and the different frequencies of self-reported sleep bruxism. This prevented from supporting any reliable estimates of the prevalence of sleep bruxism in children.
本研究旨在对涉及一般人群中儿童磨牙症患病率问题的文献进行系统综述。对所回顾的论文进行质量评估，以确定其外部和内部有效性的缺陷。为了选择用于讨论患病率数据的研究，确定了可接受的外部有效性的截止标准。共有 22 篇论文被纳入综述，其中大多数由于方法学问题限制了其外部有效性。仅对 8 篇在抽样策略上一致且仅存在轻微外部有效性问题的论文进行了患病率数据提取，但这些论文存在一些与磨牙症测量定义相关的共同内部有效性缺陷。所有选定的论文均基于父母的代理报告来诊断磨牙症，而没有采用其他诊断策略（例如多导睡眠图或肌电图）的研究提供流行病学数据。研究之间的报告患病率差异很大（3.5-40.6％），通常随年龄增长而降低，且无性别差异。由于所研究的不同年龄组和自我报告的磨牙症频率不同，儿童磨牙症的患病率存在很大差异，这使得无法支持对儿童磨牙症患病率的任何可靠估计。
