婴儿注意力与幼儿执行功能。
Infant attention and early childhood executive function.
作者信息
Cuevas Kimberly, Bell Martha Ann
机构信息
University of Connecticut.
出版信息
Child Dev. 2014 Mar-Apr;85(2):397-404. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12126. Epub 2013 May 24.
Abstract
Individual differences in infant attention are theorized to reflect the speed of information processing and are related to later cognitive abilities (i.e., memory, language, and intelligence). This study provides the first systematic longitudinal analysis of infant attention and early childhood executive function (EF; e.g., working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility). A group of 5-month-olds (n = 201) were classified as short or long lookers. At 24, 36, and 48 months of age, children completed age-appropriate EF tasks. Infant short lookers (i.e., more efficient information processors) exhibited higher EF throughout early childhood as compared to infant long lookers, even after controlling for verbal ability (a potential indicator of intelligence). These findings are discussed in relation to the emergence of executive attention.
摘要
婴儿注意力的个体差异被理论化为反映信息处理的速度，并与后期的认知能力（即记忆、语言和智力）相关。本研究首次对婴儿注意力和幼儿执行功能（EF；例如工作记忆、抑制控制、认知灵活性）进行了系统的纵向分析。一组5个月大的婴儿（n = 201）被分为短注视者或长注视者。在24、36和48个月大时，儿童完成了适合其年龄的执行功能任务。即使在控制了语言能力（智力的一个潜在指标）之后，婴儿短注视者（即信息处理效率更高者）在整个幼儿期的执行功能表现仍高于婴儿长注视者。本文将结合执行性注意力的出现来讨论这些发现。
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