Seidel Nadja, Stoelzel Friederike, Garzarolli Marlene, Herrmann Sandra, Breitbart Eckhard Wilhelm, Berth Hendrik, Baumann Michael, Ehninger Gerhard
University Cancer Center at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
J Cancer Educ. 2013 Sep;28(3):435-8. doi: 10.1007/s13187-013-0483-z.
Sun protection in childhood is important to reduce the risk of developing skin cancer later in life. The "Periods-of-Life-Program" for primary prevention of skin cancer introduces a combination of individual and environmental interventions for the preschool period. Within this pilot study, an intervention group received cognitive-behavioral and environmental interventions. A control group had solely received the environmental intervention, and a wait-control group received no intervention. Nursery school children (n = 80, 3 to 6 years of age) of four nursery schools were randomly assigned to these groups on school level. The ability of the cognitive-behavioral intervention (a theater play) to enhance sun protection knowledge was examined. The theater play improved knowledge over all age groups (p < .05 η(2) = .06). Age-specific analyses showed better results for children aged 5 to 6 (p < .05 η(2) = .20) compared to children aged 3 to 4 years (p = .17 η(2) = .04). In combining cognitive-behavioral and environmental interventions, the "Periods-of-Life-Program" is a promising strategy for primary prevention of skin cancer.
儿童期防晒对于降低日后患皮肤癌的风险至关重要。皮肤癌一级预防的“生命阶段计划”针对学龄前阶段引入了个体和环境干预措施的组合。在这项试点研究中，一个干预组接受了认知行为和环境干预。一个对照组仅接受了环境干预，而一个等待对照组未接受任何干预。四所幼儿园的学龄前儿童（n = 80，3至6岁）在学校层面被随机分配到这些组。研究了认知行为干预（一场戏剧表演）提高防晒知识的能力。这场戏剧表演在所有年龄组中都提高了知识水平（p < .05，η(2) = .06）。特定年龄分析显示，5至6岁儿童的效果（p < .05，η(2) = .20）优于3至4岁儿童（p = .17，η(2) = .04）。通过结合认知行为和环境干预，“生命阶段计划”是皮肤癌一级预防的一项有前景的策略。
