Department of Philosophy, Central European University, 9 Nádor Street, Budapest 1051, Hungary.
J Med Ethics. 2013 Jul;39(7):459-62. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2012-101274. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
I explain why I think that considerations regarding the opposing rights involved in the practice of circumcision-rights of the individual to bodily integrity and rights of the community to practice its religion-would not help us decide on the desirable policy towards this controversial practice. I then suggest a few measures that are not in conflict with either religious or community rights but that can both reduce the harm that circumcision as currently practiced involves and bring about a change in attitude towards the practice, thus further reducing its frequency. These measures are the compulsory administration of anaesthetics; the banning of the metzitzah b'peh; and having an upper age limit of a few months on non-therapeutic circumcision of minors. I conclude with general considerations on why the steps taken towards the reform of circumcision should be moderate.
我解释了为什么我认为在割礼实践中涉及到的对立权利的考虑——个人身体完整的权利和社区实践宗教的权利——不会帮助我们决定对这种有争议的实践采取可取的政策。然后,我提出了一些措施,这些措施既不与宗教或社区权利相冲突,又可以减少当前割礼实践所涉及的伤害,并促使人们对这种做法的态度发生变化,从而进一步减少其频率。这些措施包括强制使用麻醉剂;禁止 metzitzah b'peh;以及对未成年人进行非治疗性割礼的年龄上限设定在几个月。最后,我就为什么对割礼改革采取的措施应该适度提出了一些一般性的考虑。