Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013 Sep;16(5):541-7. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e328363bc65.
The recently identified myokine, irisin has raised great expectations as a potential target in the conservative treatment of obesity. This review focuses on studies exploring the effects of irisin in humans.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 α expression in skeletal muscles is induced by exercise followed by expression of the membrane protein fibronectin type III domain containing 5. After cleavage from fibronectin type III domain containing 5, irisin is secreted into blood increasing thermogenesis by browning of subcutaneous white/beige adipose tissue. Although clear-cut data have been reported in rodents, the thermogenic effect of irisin in humans remains controversial. The initially reported exercise-dependent increase of irisin in humans could not be confirmed in most studies. However, a robust finding in human studies is the association of irisin with BMI.
The discovery of irisin provides more insight into exercise-induced browning of adipose tissue, and therefore leads to a better understanding of mechanisms underlying body weight regulation and further down the road possibly may lead to treatment strategies of diseases with greatly altered body weight such as obesity or anorexia nervosa.
新发现的肌因子鸢尾素作为肥胖症保守治疗的潜在靶点，引起了广泛关注。本综述重点探讨了鸢尾素在人类中的作用研究。
运动可诱导骨骼肌中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活物-1α表达，随后表达细胞外基质蛋白纤维连接蛋白 III 型结构域包含 5。纤维连接蛋白 III 型结构域包含 5 切割后，鸢尾素被分泌到血液中，通过皮下白色/米色脂肪组织的褐色化增加产热。尽管在啮齿动物中已有明确的数据报道，但鸢尾素在人类中的产热作用仍存在争议。最初在人类中报道的运动依赖性鸢尾素增加在大多数研究中无法得到证实。然而，在人类研究中一个强有力的发现是鸢尾素与 BMI 的相关性。
鸢尾素的发现为运动诱导的脂肪组织褐变提供了更深入的了解，因此有助于更好地理解体重调节的机制，并可能进一步为肥胖或神经性厌食等体重明显改变的疾病提供治疗策略。
