Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada.
Med Clin North Am. 2013 Jul;97(4):681-95, xi. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2013.04.001.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC; Shiga toxin/verotoxin-producing E. coli) can cause bloody diarrhea and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), typically following consumption of contaminated food (including ground beef, leafy greens, and sprouts) and water. Often associated with foodborne outbreaks, EHEC possess unique virulence factors that facilitate effective colonization of the human gastrointestinal tract and subsequent release of Shiga toxin. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment, and prevention of EHEC infections, focusing on E. coli O157:H7, the serotype most common in North America, and E. coli O104:H4, the serotype responsible for the EHEC outbreak in Germany in 2011.
肠出血性大肠杆菌（EHEC；产志贺毒素/肠毒素大肠杆菌）可引起血性腹泻和溶血尿毒综合征（HUS），通常是在食用受污染的食物（包括碎牛肉、绿叶蔬菜和豆芽）和水之后发生。EHEC 常与食源性暴发有关，其具有独特的毒力因子，有助于有效地定植于人类胃肠道，并随后释放志贺毒素。本文回顾了 EHEC 感染的流行病学、发病机制、临床表现、治疗和预防，重点介绍了在北美最为常见的血清型 O157：H7 大肠杆菌和导致 2011 年德国 EHEC 暴发的血清型 O104：H4 大肠杆菌。
