Lucas Michel, O'Reilly Eilis J, Pan An, Mirzaei Fariba, Willett Walter C, Okereke Olivia I, Ascherio Alberto
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health , Boston, MA , USA.
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2014 Jul;15(5):377-86. doi: 10.3109/15622975.2013.795243. Epub 2013 Jul 2.
To evaluate the association between coffee and caffeine consumption and suicide risk in three large-scale cohorts of US men and women.
We accessed data of 43,599 men enrolled in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, 1988-2008), 73,820 women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 1992-2008), and 91,005 women in the NHS II (1993-2007). Consumption of caffeine, coffee, and decaffeinated coffee, was assessed every 4 years by validated food-frequency questionnaires. Deaths from suicide were determined by physician review of death certificates. Multivariate adjusted relative risks (RRs) were estimated with Cox proportional hazard models. Cohort specific RRs were pooled using random-effect models.
We documented 277 deaths from suicide. Compared to those consuming ≤ 1 cup/week of caffeinated coffee (< 8 oz/237 ml), the pooled multivariate RR (95% confidence interval [CI]) of suicide was 0.55 (0.38-0.78) for those consuming 2-3 cups/day and 0.47 (0.27-0.81) for those consuming ≥ 4 cups/day (P trend < 0.001). The pooled multivariate RR (95% CI) for suicide was 0.75 (0.63-0.90) for each increment of 2 cups/day of caffeinated coffee and 0.77 (0.63-0.93) for each increment of 300 mg/day of caffeine.
These results from three large cohorts support an association between caffeine consumption and lower risk of suicide.
评估美国三大男性和女性队列中咖啡及咖啡因摄入量与自杀风险之间的关联。
我们获取了参加健康专业人员随访研究（HPFS，1988 - 2008年）的43599名男性、护士健康研究（NHS，1992 - 2008年）的73820名女性以及NHS II（1993 - 2007年）的91005名女性的数据。通过经过验证的食物频率问卷每4年评估一次咖啡因、咖啡和脱咖啡因咖啡的摄入量。自杀死亡由医生对死亡证明进行审核确定。使用Cox比例风险模型估计多变量调整相对风险（RRs）。采用随机效应模型汇总各队列的RRs。
我们记录了277例自杀死亡病例。与每周饮用≤1杯含咖啡因咖啡（<8盎司/237毫升）的人相比，每天饮用2 - 3杯的人自杀的汇总多变量RR（95%置信区间[CI]）为0.55（0.38 - 0.78），每天饮用≥4杯的人自杀的汇总多变量RR为0.47（0.27 - 0.81）（P趋势<0.001）。含咖啡因咖啡每天每增加2杯，自杀的汇总多变量RR（95%CI）为0.75（0.63 - 0.90），咖啡因每天每增加300毫克，自杀的汇总多变量RR为0.77（0.63 - 0.93）。
来自三大队列的数据支持咖啡因摄入与较低自杀风险之间存在关联。
