Division of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2014 Mar-Apr;24(2):150-5. doi: 10.1038/jes.2013.35. Epub 2013 Jul 10.
Exposure to arsenic in drinking water is associated with increased respiratory disease. Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) protects the lung against tissue destruction. The objective of this study was to determine whether arsenic exposure is associated with changes in airway AAT concentration and whether this relationship is modified by selenium. A total of 55 subjects were evaluated in Ajo and Tucson, Arizona. Tap water and first morning void urine were analyzed for arsenic species, induced sputum for AAT and toenails for selenium and arsenic. Household tap-water arsenic, toenail arsenic and urinary inorganic arsenic and metabolites were significantly higher in Ajo (20.6±3.5 μg/l, 0.54±0.77 μg/g and 27.7±21.2 μg/l, respectively) than in Tucson (3.9±2.5 μg/l, 0.16±0.20 μg/g and 13.0±13.8 μg/l, respectively). In multivariable models, urinary monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) was negatively, and toenail selenium positively associated with sputum AAT (P=0.004 and P=0.002, respectively). In analyses stratified by town, these relationships remained significant only in Ajo, with the higher arsenic exposure. Reduction in AAT may be a means by which arsenic induces respiratory disease, and selenium may protect against this adverse effect.
饮用水中的砷暴露与呼吸道疾病的增加有关。α-1 抗胰蛋白酶（AAT）可保护肺部免受组织破坏。本研究的目的是确定砷暴露是否与气道 AAT 浓度的变化有关，以及这种关系是否受硒的影响。共有 55 名受试者在亚利桑那州的阿霍和图森进行了评估。自来水和清晨首次排空的尿液用于分析砷形态，诱导痰用于分析 AAT，脚趾甲用于分析硒和砷。阿霍的家庭自来水砷、脚趾甲砷和尿无机砷及其代谢物明显高于图森（分别为 20.6±3.5μg/l、0.54±0.77μg/g 和 27.7±21.2μg/l）。多变量模型分析显示，尿单甲基砷酸（MMA）与痰 AAT 呈负相关，而脚趾甲硒与痰 AAT 呈正相关（分别为 P=0.004 和 P=0.002）。按城镇分层分析，这些关系仅在砷暴露较高的阿霍仍然显著。AAT 的减少可能是砷引起呼吸道疾病的一种方式，而硒可能可以预防这种不良影响。
