Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of Cambridge, Box 296, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
Prev Med. 2013 Nov;57(5):518-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.07.007. Epub 2013 Jul 13.
To examine how adults use new local walking and cycling routes, and what characteristics predict use.
1849 adults completed questionnaires in 2010 and 2011, before and after the construction of walking and cycling infrastructure in three UK municipalities. 1510 adults completed questionnaires in 2010 and 2012. The 2010 questionnaire measured baseline characteristics; the follow-up questionnaires captured infrastructure use.
32% of participants reported using the new infrastructure in 2011, and 38% in 2012. Walking for recreation was by far the most common use. In both follow-up waves, use was independently predicted by higher baseline walking and cycling (e.g. 2012 adjusted rate ratio 2.09 (95% CI 1.55, 2.81) for >450 min/week vs. none). Moreover, there was strong specificity by mode and purpose, e.g. baseline walking for recreation specifically predicted walking for recreation on the infrastructure. Other independent predictors included living near the infrastructure, better general health and higher education or income.
The new infrastructure was well-used by local adults, and this was sustained over two years. Thus far, however, the infrastructure may primarily have attracted existing walkers and cyclists, and may have catered more to the socio-economically advantaged. This may limit its impacts on population health and health equity.
探讨成年人如何使用新的本地步行和自行车道，以及哪些特征可以预测其使用情况。
在英国三个城市的步行和自行车基础设施建设前后，1849 名成年人于 2010 年和 2011 年完成了问卷调查，其中 1510 名成年人于 2010 年和 2012 年完成了问卷调查。2010 年的问卷测量了基线特征；后续的问卷则记录了基础设施的使用情况。
32%的参与者报告在 2011 年使用了新的基础设施，38%的参与者在 2012 年使用了新的基础设施。其中，以休闲为目的的步行是最常见的用途。在两个随访阶段，使用情况均独立地由更高的基线步行和骑行（例如，2012 年调整后的比率比为 2.09（95%CI 1.55，2.81），每周>450 分钟/次）预测。此外，使用模式和用途之间存在很强的特异性，例如，以休闲为目的的基线步行特别预测了基础设施上的休闲步行。其他独立的预测因素包括居住在基础设施附近、更好的一般健康状况以及更高的教育程度或收入。
新的基础设施受到当地成年人的广泛使用，并且这种情况在两年内得以维持。然而，到目前为止，该基础设施可能主要吸引了现有的步行者和骑自行车者，而且可能更多地迎合了社会经济地位较高的人群。这可能会限制其对人群健康和健康公平的影响。
