Harris James M, Reyes Catherine, Lopez Gabriel P
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2013 Jul 1;7(4):1030-8. doi: 10.1177/193229681300700428.
Clinical management of diabetes must overcome the challenge of in vivo glucose sensors exhibiting lifetimes of only a few days. Limited sensor life originates from compromised enzyme stability of the sensing enzyme. Sensing enzymes degrade in the presence of low molecular weight materials (LMWM) and hydrogen peroxide in vivo. Sensing enzymes could be made to withstand these degradative effects by (1) stabilizing the microenvironment surrounding the sensing enzyme or (2) improving the structural stability of the sensing enzyme genetically. We review the degradative effect of LMWM and hydrogen peroxide on the sensing enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx). In addition, we examine advances in stabilizing GOx against degradation using hybrid silica gels and genetic engineering of GOx. We conclude molecularly engineered GOx combined with silica-based encapsulation provides an avenue for designing long-term in vivo sensor systems.
糖尿病的临床管理必须克服体内葡萄糖传感器寿命仅为几天这一挑战。传感器寿命有限源于传感酶的酶稳定性受损。传感酶在体内低分子量物质（LMWM）和过氧化氢存在的情况下会降解。可以通过以下方式使传感酶抵御这些降解作用：（1）稳定传感酶周围的微环境，或（2）通过基因手段提高传感酶的结构稳定性。我们综述了低分子量物质和过氧化氢对传感酶葡萄糖氧化酶（GOx）的降解作用。此外，我们研究了使用杂化硅胶稳定GOx以防止其降解以及对GOx进行基因工程改造方面的进展。我们得出结论，分子工程改造的GOx与基于二氧化硅的封装相结合为设计长期体内传感器系统提供了一条途径。
