Department of Oncology, Bao Di Hospital, Bao Di Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Guang Chuan road, Bao Di, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Med Oncol. 2013;30(3):675. doi: 10.1007/s12032-013-0675-8. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
Lung cancer is a heterogeneous disease with currently still unknown mechanisms of development. Besides genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been discovered as one of the crucial players in lung carcinogenesis through posttranscriptional regulation of tumor suppressor and oncogenes. A substantial number of deregulated miRNAs have been revealed in lung cancer, and the biological significance of those miRNAs has been confirmed in multiple functional experiments. A growing number of studies suggest involvement of miRNAs in various steps of lung carcinogenesis. Great biological stability of miRNAs opens novel fields in biomarker research with potential clinical implementation in screening, diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. In this review, we provide the basic knowledge of miRNA biogenesis and discuss extensively the role of miRNAs in lung carcinogenesis, including potential translational clinical implementations.
肺癌是一种具有异质性的疾病，其发病机制目前尚不清楚。除了遗传和表观遗传机制外，miRNAs（microRNAs）最近被发现是通过肿瘤抑制基因和癌基因的转录后调控在肺癌发生中的关键调控因子之一。大量失调的miRNAs 在肺癌中被揭示出来，并且这些miRNAs 的生物学意义在多项功能实验中得到了证实。越来越多的研究表明，miRNAs 参与了肺癌发生的各个阶段。miRNAs 具有很高的生物学稳定性，为生物标志物研究开辟了新的领域，具有在筛查、诊断和预后预测方面的潜在临床应用价值。在这篇综述中，我们提供了 miRNA 生物发生的基础知识，并广泛讨论了 miRNA 在肺癌发生中的作用，包括潜在的转化临床应用。
