Lisspers Karin, Ställberg Björn, Janson Christer, Johansson Gunnar, Svärdsudd Kurt
Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden and.
J Asthma. 2013 Dec;50(10):1090-5. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2013.834502. Epub 2013 Sep 25.
To study sex-related differences in quality of life, asthma control and asthma management in different age groups.
A cross-sectional survey and patient record study in primary and secondary care. A total of 1226 patients in primary and 499 in secondary care, ages 18-75 and randomly selected, with a response rate of 71%. Patients were classified into four groups, 18-34, 35-49, 50-64 and 65-75 years.
Younger women (18-49 years) had a lower total MiniAQLQ score than men in the same age group (5.41 vs. 5.80, p < 0.001), while no significant difference was found between older women and men (50-75 years) (5.08 vs. 5.16, p = 0.42). The sex differences in the younger group remained significant after adjusting for medication, educational level, smoking, body mass index, allergy and depression (p = 0.008). The odds ratios for younger women to have night-awakenings was 1.7 (95%CI 1.07-2.57), for asthma exacerbations 1.9 (95%CI 1.21-2.98) and for not achieving asthma control 1.5 (95%CI 1.00-2.13) when adjusting for smoking, educational level and body mass index. No differences in asthma control were found when comparing older women with men of similar ages.
Younger women had lower quality of life and less often asthma control than men in the same age range, while no corresponding sex differences were found between older women and men of similar ages. Female sex hormones could be an important factor affecting these outcomes.
研究不同年龄组中生活质量、哮喘控制及哮喘管理方面的性别差异。
在初级和二级医疗保健机构中进行横断面调查及患者记录研究。共随机选取了1226名初级医疗保健机构的患者和499名二级医疗保健机构的患者，年龄在18 - 75岁之间，应答率为71%。患者被分为四组，年龄分别为18 - 34岁、35 - 49岁、50 - 64岁和65 - 75岁。
较年轻女性（18 - 49岁）的MiniAQLQ总分低于同年龄组男性（5.41对5.80，p < 0.001），而年龄较大的女性和男性（50 - 75岁）之间未发现显著差异（5.08对5.16，p = 0.42）。在对药物治疗、教育水平、吸烟、体重指数、过敏和抑郁进行校正后，较年轻组中的性别差异仍然显著（p = 0.008）。校正吸烟、教育水平和体重指数后，较年轻女性夜间醒来的比值比为1.7（95%可信区间1.07 - 2.57），哮喘加重的比值比为1.9（95%可信区间1.21 - 2.98），未实现哮喘控制的比值比为1.5（95%可信区间1.00 - 2.13）。比较年龄较大的女性和同龄男性时，未发现哮喘控制方面的差异。
较年轻女性的生活质量低于同年龄范围的男性，且哮喘控制情况也不如男性，而年龄较大的女性和同龄男性之间未发现相应的性别差异。女性性激素可能是影响这些结果的重要因素。
