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Update of contemporary antimicrobial resistance rates across China: reference testing results for 12 medical centers (2011).当代中国抗菌药物耐药率更新：12 家医疗中心的参考检测结果（2011 年）。
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013 Nov;77(3):258-66. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.07.003. Epub 2013 Sep 18.
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An international activity and spectrum analysis of linezolid: ZAAPS Program results for 2011.利奈唑胺的国际活动和谱分析：ZAAPS 计划 2011 年的结果。
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013 Jun;76(2):206-13. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.01.025. Epub 2013 Mar 9.
3
Trending 7 years of in vitro activity of tigecycline and comparators against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens from the Asia-Pacific region: Tigecycline Evaluation Surveillance Trial (TEST) 2004-2010.亚太地区革兰阳性和革兰阴性病原菌的替加环素及对照药物 7 年体外活性趋势：替加环素评估监测研究（TEST）2004-2010。
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4
Mechanisms of resistance and clinical relevance of resistance to β-lactams, glycopeptides, and fluoroquinolones.β-内酰胺类、糖肽类和氟喹诺酮类耐药的机制及其临床相关性。
Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Feb;87(2):198-208. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2011.12.003.
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Carbapenems: past, present, and future.碳青霉烯类抗生素：过去、现在和未来。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 Nov;55(11):4943-60. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00296-11. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
6
Clinical activity of anti-Gram-positive agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.抗革兰阳性菌药物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的临床活性。
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011 May;66 Suppl 4:iv17-iv21. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkr073.
7
Trends in carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. from Europe and the Americas: report from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance programme (2007-09).来自欧洲和美洲的产碳青霉烯酶大肠杆菌和克雷伯菌属的趋势：哨兵抗菌监测项目（2007 - 2009年）报告
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011 Jun;66(6):1409-11. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkr081. Epub 2011 Mar 18.
8
New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM-1): towards a new pandemia?新德里金属β-内酰胺酶（NDM-1）：会引发一场新的大流行吗？
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010 Dec;16(12):1699-701. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03385.x.
9
Emergence of a new antibiotic resistance mechanism in India, Pakistan, and the UK: a molecular, biological, and epidemiological study.印度、巴基斯坦和英国出现新的抗生素耐药机制：一项分子、生物学和流行病学研究。
Lancet Infect Dis. 2010 Sep;10(9):597-602. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70143-2. Epub 2010 Aug 10.
10
The in vitro evaluation of tigecycline tested against pathogens isolated in eight countries in the Asia-Western Pacific region (2008).对 2008 年在亚洲-西太平洋地区 8 个国家分离的病原菌进行的替加环素体外评估。
J Infect. 2010 Jun;60(6):440-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2010.03.024. Epub 2010 Mar 31.

12 个亚太国家（2011 年）的区域耐药监测计划结果。

Regional resistance surveillance program results for 12 Asia-Pacific nations (2011).

机构信息

JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA.

出版信息

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Nov;57(11):5721-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01121-13. Epub 2013 Aug 19.

DOI:10.1128/AAC.01121-13
PMID:23959306
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3811293/
Abstract

The Regional Resistance Surveillance program monitored susceptibility rates and developing resistance by geographic region, including 12 Asia-Pacific (APAC) countries. Reference broth microdilution methods for susceptibility/interpretations were applied, processing 5,053 strains. Among Staphylococcus aureus isolates (37% methicillin-resistant S. aureus [MRSA], highest in South Korea [73%]), linezolid (LZD), tigecycline (TIG), and vancomycin were 100% active, but 33 and 34% of strains were levofloxacin (LEV) or macrolide resistant, respectively. Streptococcus pneumoniae was most resistant to β-lactams and macrolides (45%) but was LZD, LEV, and TIG susceptible (>98%). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype rates in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. were 48 and 47%, respectively, and were highest in Taiwan, at 75 to 91%. The best anti-ESBL-phenotype agents were amikacin (81 to 96% susceptible), colistin (COL; >98%), TIG (>98%), and carbapenems (81 to 97%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed ≥20% resistance to all drugs except COL (99% susceptible). In conclusion, endemic evolving antimicrobial resistances in APAC nations show compromised roles for many commonly used antimicrobials.

摘要

区域性耐药监测计划监测了地理区域的耐药率和耐药发展情况，包括亚太地区 12 个国家。应用了参考肉汤微量稀释法进行药敏/解释，共处理了 5053 株菌株。在金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中（37%耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌[MRSA]，韩国最高[73%]），利奈唑胺（LZD）、替加环素（TIG）和万古霉素的活性均为 100%，但分别有 33%和 34%的菌株对左氧氟沙星（LEV）或大环内酯类耐药。肺炎链球菌对β-内酰胺类和大环内酯类（45%）最耐药，但对 LZD、LEV 和 TIG 敏感（>98%）。大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属的产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）表型率分别为 48%和 47%，在台湾最高，为 75%至 91%。针对 ESBL 表型的最佳抗生素为阿米卡星（81%至 96%敏感）、黏菌素（COL；>98%）、TIG（>98%）和碳青霉烯类（81%至 97%）。除 COL（99%敏感）外，铜绿假单胞菌对所有药物的耐药率均≥20%。总之，亚太国家的流行的抗菌药物耐药性正在不断演变，许多常用抗菌药物的作用受到影响。