Favrot Claude
Dermatology Department, Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
J Feline Med Surg. 2013 Sep;15(9):778-84. doi: 10.1177/1098612X13500427.
Hypersensitivity dermatitis (HD) is often suspected in cats and is mostly caused by insect bites, food or environmental allergens. Cats with non-flea induced HD are reported to present frequently with one or more of the following cutaneous reaction patterns: miliary dermatitis, eosinophilic dermatitis, self-induced symmetrical alopecia or head and neck excoriations/pruritus.
None of the above patterns are, however, pathognomonic for non-flea induced HD and the diagnosis of this condition is based on exclusion of diseases presenting similarly and an adequate response to treatment. Therapeutic approaches to affected cats include use of immunomodulatory drugs (ciclosporin, glucocorticoids, antihistamines), hypoallergenic diets and allergen-specific immunotherapy.
This review provides an update on the clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of feline non-flea induced HD. It draws on the findings of a recent large-scale study that described the clinical signs of numerous cats with non-flea HD and has proposed criteria to facilitate the diagnosis of the condition.
猫常被怀疑患有过敏性皮炎（HD），其主要由昆虫叮咬、食物或环境过敏原引起。据报道，非跳蚤引起的HD猫经常出现以下一种或多种皮肤反应模式：粟粒性皮炎、嗜酸性粒细胞性皮炎、自我诱导的对称性脱毛或头颈部擦伤/瘙痒。
然而，上述模式均非非跳蚤引起的HD的特征性表现，该疾病的诊断基于排除表现相似的疾病以及对治疗的充分反应。对患病猫的治疗方法包括使用免疫调节药物（环孢素、糖皮质激素、抗组胺药）、低敏饮食和过敏原特异性免疫疗法。
本综述提供了关于猫非跳蚤引起的HD的临床症状、诊断和治疗的最新信息。它借鉴了最近一项大规模研究的结果，该研究描述了许多非跳蚤HD猫的临床症状，并提出了有助于诊断该疾病的标准。
