Dawkins Lynne, Corcoran Olivia
Drugs and Addictive Behaviours Research Group, School of Psychology, University of East London, Water Lane, Stratford, London, E15 4LZ, UK,
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2014 Jan;231(2):401-7. doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3249-8. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
Electronic cigarettes are becoming increasingly popular among smokers worldwide. Commonly reported reasons for use include the following: to quit smoking, to avoid relapse, to reduce urge to smoke, or as a perceived lower-risk alternative to smoking. Few studies, however, have explored whether electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) deliver measurable levels of nicotine to the blood.
This study aims to explore in experienced users the effect of using an 18-mg/ml nicotine first-generation e-cigarette on blood nicotine, tobacco withdrawal symptoms, and urge to smoke.
Fourteen regular e-cigarette users (three females), who are abstinent from smoking and e-cigarette use for 12 h, each completed a 2.5 h testing session. Blood was sampled, and questionnaires were completed (tobacco-related withdrawal symptoms, urge to smoke, positive and negative subjective effects) at four stages: baseline, 10 puffs, 60 min of ad lib use and a 60-min rest period.
Complete sets of blood were obtained from seven participants. Plasma nicotine concentration rose significantly from a mean of 0.74 ng/ml at baseline to 6.77 ng/ml 10 min after 10 puffs, reaching a mean maximum of 13.91 ng/ml by the end of the ad lib puffing period. Tobacco-related withdrawal symptoms and urge to smoke were significantly reduced; direct positive effects were strongly endorsed, and there was very low reporting of adverse effects.
These findings demonstrate reliable blood nicotine delivery after the acute use of this brand/model of e-cigarette in a sample of regular users. Future studies might usefully quantify nicotine delivery in relation to inhalation technique and the relationship with successful smoking cessation/harm reduction.
电子烟在全球吸烟者中越来越受欢迎。常见的使用原因包括以下几点：戒烟、避免复吸、减少吸烟冲动，或作为一种被认为风险较低的吸烟替代品。然而，很少有研究探讨电子烟是否能将可测量水平的尼古丁输送到血液中。
本研究旨在探讨有经验的使用者使用18毫克/毫升尼古丁第一代电子烟对血液尼古丁、烟草戒断症状和吸烟冲动的影响。
14名经常使用电子烟的使用者（3名女性），在戒烟和停止使用电子烟12小时后，每人完成一次2.5小时的测试。在四个阶段采集血液并完成问卷调查（与烟草相关的戒断症状、吸烟冲动、主观正负效应）：基线、10口、60分钟随意使用和60分钟休息期。
从7名参与者中获得了完整的血液样本。血浆尼古丁浓度从基线时的平均0.74纳克/毫升显著上升至10口后10分钟的6.77纳克/毫升，在随意抽吸期结束时平均最高达到13.91纳克/毫升。与烟草相关的戒断症状和吸烟冲动显著减轻；直接的积极效应得到强烈认可，且不良反应报告极少。
这些发现表明，在该品牌/型号电子烟的急性使用后，在经常使用者样本中可实现可靠的血液尼古丁输送。未来的研究可能会有益地量化与吸入技术相关的尼古丁输送以及与成功戒烟/减少危害的关系。
