Dept of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Eur Respir J. 2014 Mar;43(3):824-32. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00113113. Epub 2013 Aug 29.
The prevalence of habitual snoring has been extensively explored in paediatric populations. Although exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk of habitual snoring in a dose-dependent fashion, the potential contribution of air quality to habitual snoring remains unclear. 6000 questionnaires were distributed to 6- to 12-year-old children attending public schools in five distinct neighbourhoods within the city of Tehran, Iran, that were preselected based on air quality measures. Habitual snoring was defined as loud snoring ≥3 nights per week. Information regarding clinical and family-related habitual snoring risk factors was also obtained. Descriptive statistics followed by adjusted risk assessments were conducted. Among the 4322 (72%) completed datasets, the prevalence of habitual snoring was 11.6%. Partition of habitual snoring rates according to neighbourhood air quality characteristics revealed significantly higher habitual snoring frequencies among children residing in neighbourhoods with greatest pollution (24.5% and 12.1% in South and Central neighbourhoods versus 7.0% and 7.7% in North and East neighbourhoods, respectively). The regional variance in habitual snoring was primarily accounted for by an integrated measure of air quality, even after controlling for other risk factors. Environmental air quality emerges as a significant and potentially modifiable contributor to the risk for developing habitual snoring during childhood.
习惯性打鼾在儿科人群中得到了广泛研究。尽管暴露于香烟烟雾会使习惯性打鼾的风险呈剂量依赖性增加，但空气质量对习惯性打鼾的潜在贡献仍不清楚。在伊朗德黑兰市的五个不同街区，向 6 至 12 岁的公立学校儿童发放了 6000 份问卷，这些街区是根据空气质量指标预先选择的。习惯性打鼾定义为每周大声打鼾≥3 晚。还获得了与临床和家庭相关的习惯性打鼾危险因素的信息。进行了描述性统计和调整后的风险评估。在 4322 份（72%）完成的数据集，习惯性打鼾的患病率为 11.6%。根据邻里空气质量特征对习惯性打鼾率进行划分，发现居住在污染最严重的街区的儿童习惯性打鼾的频率明显更高（南部和中部街区为 24.5%和 12.1%，而北部和东部街区为 7.0%和 7.7%）。即使在控制了其他危险因素后，空气质量的综合指标仍然主要解释了习惯性打鼾的区域差异。环境空气质量是儿童时期发生习惯性打鼾的一个重要且潜在可改变的危险因素。
