Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil ; Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação, Apis Flora Indl. Coml. Ltda., 14020-670 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:641480. doi: 10.1155/2013/641480. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second cause of vaginal infection in the USA. Clinical treatment of C. albicans infections is routinely performed with polyenes and azole derivatives. However, these drugs are responsible for undesirable side effects and toxicity. In addition, C. albicans azole and echinocandin resistance has been described. Propolis is a bee product traditionally used due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and other properties. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate different propolis presentations in order to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo efficacy. The methodologies involved antifungal evaluation, chemical analysis, and the effects of the rheological and mucoadhesive properties of propolis based gels. The obtained results demonstrated the fungicide action of propolis extracts against all three morphotypes (yeast, pseudohyphae, and hyphae) studied. The highest level of fungal cytotoxicity was reached at 6-8 hours of propolis cell incubation. Among the based gel formulations developed, the rheological and mucoadhesive results suggest that propolis based carbopol (CP1%) and chitosan gels were the most pseudoplastic ones. CP1% was the most mucoadhesive preparation, and all of them presented low thixotropy. Results of in vivo efficacy demonstrated that propolis based gels present antifungal action similar to clotrimazole cream, suggesting that future clinical studies should be performed.
外阴阴道念珠菌病是美国第二大阴道感染原因。临床治疗白色念珠菌感染通常采用多烯类和唑类衍生物。然而，这些药物会引起不良的副作用和毒性。此外，白色念珠菌对唑类和棘白菌素的耐药性已被描述。蜂胶是一种传统上用于治疗的蜜蜂产品，具有抗菌、抗炎等特性。因此，本研究旨在评估不同蜂胶制剂的体外和体内疗效。研究方法包括抗真菌评估、化学分析以及蜂胶凝胶的流变学和黏膜黏附特性的影响。研究结果表明，蜂胶提取物对所研究的三种形态（酵母、假菌丝和菌丝）均具有杀菌作用。在蜂胶细胞孵育 6-8 小时时，达到了最高的真菌细胞毒性水平。在所开发的基于凝胶的制剂中，流变学和黏膜黏附结果表明，基于卡波姆（CP1%）和壳聚糖的蜂胶凝胶具有最高的假塑性。CP1%是最具黏膜黏附性的制剂，它们都具有低触变性。体内疗效研究结果表明，蜂胶凝胶具有与克霉唑乳膏相似的抗真菌作用，提示未来应进行临床研究。
