Aliha Jaleh M, Asgari Mina, Khayeri Feridone, Ramazani Majid, Farajzadegan Ziba, Javaheri Javad
Faculty member of Nursing & Midwifery School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Prev Med. 2013 Jul;4(7):797-802.
Training and continuous dynamic communication between patients and health professionals in chronic diseases like diabetes, is important. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of diabetes self-care group education and nurse- telephone follow-up on glycemic control and compliance with treatment orders in patients with type 2 diabetes attending to diabetes clinic in khomein.
In this clinical trial, 62 patients with type 2 diabetes who attending to the diabetes clinic selected and were randomly assigned to experiment and control groups. Self-care group education was applied for case group (n = 31) and they were followed up using telephone calls for 12 weeks by a nurse. The control group (n = 31) received the conventional management. Demographic characteristics, compliance with treatment recommendations (diet, drug use, exercise) and blood glucose control indices were recorded before and after interventions. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-square test, non-parametric tests, mixed model (ANOVA + repeated measure) and ANCOVA.
The mean age of intervention and control groups was 50.9 ± 7.3 and 55.1 ± 10.1 years, respectively. Blood glucose indices (FBS, 2 hpp BS, Hb A1C) were improved in both case and control group after intervention but it was only statistically significant in case group P > 0.0001. During study, percentage of patients with very good compliance in control group decrease from 12.5% to zero (0%), whereas in experiment group these amounts increase from 6.5% to 90.3% P > 0.0001.
According to the results of the current study self-care group education and 12 weeks follow-up by a nurse using telephone causes significant improvement in metabolic parameters and adherence to treatment recommendations in diabetic patients.
在糖尿病等慢性病中，患者与医护人员之间的培训及持续动态沟通非常重要。本研究旨在评估糖尿病自我护理小组教育及护士电话随访对霍梅因糖尿病诊所2型糖尿病患者血糖控制及治疗医嘱依从性的影响。
在这项临床试验中，选取了62名到糖尿病诊所就诊的2型糖尿病患者，并随机分为实验组和对照组。对病例组（n = 31）实施自我护理小组教育，并由一名护士通过电话对他们进行为期12周的随访。对照组（n = 31）接受常规管理。记录干预前后的人口统计学特征、治疗建议依从性（饮食、用药、运动）及血糖控制指标。使用SPSS 16版软件通过独立t检验、配对t检验、卡方检验、非参数检验、混合模型（方差分析+重复测量）和协方差分析对数据进行分析。
干预组和对照组的平均年龄分别为50.9±7.3岁和55.1±10.1岁。干预后，病例组和对照组的血糖指标（空腹血糖、餐后2小时血糖、糖化血红蛋白）均有所改善，但仅病例组具有统计学意义（P>0.0001）。在研究期间，对照组中依从性非常好的患者比例从12.5%降至零（0%），而实验组中这一比例从6.5%增至90.3%（P>0.0001）。
根据本研究结果，自我护理小组教育及护士为期12周的电话随访可显著改善糖尿病患者的代谢参数及治疗建议依从性。
