Lang Peter J, Bradley Margaret M
Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, USA.
Emot Rev. 2013 Jul;5(3):230-234. doi: 10.1177/1754073913477511.
Our view is that fundamental appetitive and defensive motivation systems evolved to mediate a complex array of adaptive behaviors that support the organism's drive to survive-defending against threat and securing resources. Activation of these motive systems engages processes that facilitate attention allocation, information intake, sympathetic arousal, and, depending on context, will prompt tactical actions that can be directed either toward or away from the strategic goal, whether defensively or appetitively determined. Research from our laboratory that measures autonomic, central, and somatic reactions when processing emotional scenes is described which indicates that motivationally relevant cues, whether appetitive or defensive, capture attention preferentially, prompt enhanced perceptual processing and information gathering, and occasion metabolic arousal that mobilizes the organism for coping actions.
我们的观点是，基本的食欲和防御动机系统进化而来，以介导一系列复杂的适应性行为，这些行为支持生物体的生存驱动力——抵御威胁并获取资源。这些动机系统的激活会引发一些过程，这些过程有助于注意力分配、信息摄取、交感神经兴奋，并且根据具体情境，会促使采取战术行动，这些行动可以朝着或远离战略目标，无论是防御性还是由食欲决定的。我们实验室的研究描述了在处理情感场景时测量自主神经、中枢和躯体反应的情况，该研究表明，与动机相关的线索，无论是食欲性的还是防御性的，都会优先吸引注意力，促使增强感知处理和信息收集，并引发代谢兴奋，从而调动生物体采取应对行动。
