Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2013 Oct;26(4):728-43. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00052-13.
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was once thought to be a fairly innocuous pathogen. That view is no longer tenable. The morbidity and mortality due to the primary and secondary diseases that VZV causes, varicella and herpes zoster (HZ), are significant. Fortunately, modern advances, including an available vaccine to prevent varicella, a therapeutic vaccine to diminish the incidence and ameliorate sequelae of HZ, effective antiviral drugs, a better understanding of VZV pathogenesis, and advances in diagnostic virology have made it possible to control VZV in the United States. Occult forms of VZV-induced disease have been recognized, including zoster sine herpete and enteric zoster, which have expanded the field. Future progress should include development of more effective vaccines to prevent HZ and a more complete understanding of the consequences of VZV latency in the enteric nervous system.
水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）曾经被认为是一种相当无害的病原体。这种观点已经站不住脚了。VZV 引起的原发性和继发性疾病，即水痘和带状疱疹（HZ），其发病率和死亡率都很高。幸运的是，包括预防水痘的疫苗、减少 HZ 发病率和改善后遗症的治疗性疫苗、有效的抗病毒药物、对 VZV 发病机制的更好理解以及诊断病毒学的进步等现代进展，使得在美国控制 VZV 成为可能。现已认识到 VZV 引起的隐匿性疾病，包括无疱疹性带状疱疹和肠带状疱疹，这扩大了研究领域。未来的进展应该包括开发更有效的疫苗来预防 HZ，并更全面地了解 VZV 在肠神经系统中潜伏的后果。
