Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (JMP, KJD, and BMP), and the Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (KJD).
Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jan;99(1):162-71. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.071928. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
Although fast food consumption has been linked to adverse health outcomes, the relative contribution of fast food itself compared with the rest of the diet to these associations remains unclear.
Our objective was to compare the independent associations with overweight/obesity or dietary outcomes for fast food consumption compared with dietary pattern for the remainder of intake.
This cross-sectional analysis studied 4466 US children aged 2-18 y from NHANES 2007-2010. Cluster analysis identified 2 dietary patterns for the non-fast food remainder of intake: Western (50.3%) and Prudent. Multivariable-adjusted linear and logistic regression models examined the association between fast food consumption and dietary pattern for the remainder of intake and estimated their independent associations with overweight/obesity and dietary outcomes.
Half of US children consumed fast food: 39.5% low-consumers (≤30% of energy from fast food) and 10.5% high-consumers (>30% of energy). Consuming a Western dietary pattern for the remainder of intake was more likely among fast food low-consumers (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.85) and high-consumers (OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.60, 3.05) than among nonconsumers. The remainder of diet was independently associated with overweight/obesity (β: 5.9; 95% CI: 1.3, 10.5), whereas fast food consumption was not, and the remainder of diet had stronger associations with poor total intake than did fast food consumption.
Outside the fast food restaurant, fast food consumers ate Western diets, which might have stronger associations with overweight/obesity and poor dietary outcomes than fast food consumption itself. Our findings support the need for prospective studies and randomized trials to confirm these hypotheses.
尽管快餐消费与不良健康结果有关，但快餐本身与其余饮食相比对这些关联的相对贡献仍不清楚。
我们的目的是比较快餐消费与其余饮食模式对超重/肥胖或饮食结果的独立关联。
这项横断面分析研究了来自 NHANES 2007-2010 年的 4466 名 2-18 岁的美国儿童。聚类分析确定了非快餐其余摄入的 2 种饮食模式：西方（50.3%）和谨慎。多变量调整的线性和逻辑回归模型研究了快餐消费与其余饮食模式之间的关系，并估计了它们与超重/肥胖和饮食结果的独立关联。
一半的美国儿童食用快餐：39.5%低消费（快餐能量占比≤30%）和 10.5%高消费（快餐能量占比>30%）。对于快餐低消费（OR：1.51；95%CI：1.24，1.85）和高消费（OR：2.21；95%CI：1.60，3.05）者，摄入西方饮食模式的可能性高于非消费者。其余的饮食与超重/肥胖独立相关（β：5.9；95%CI：1.3，10.5），而快餐消费则不然，其余饮食与不良总摄入量的关联比快餐消费更强。
在快餐店外，快餐消费者食用西方饮食，这可能与超重/肥胖和不良饮食结果的关联比快餐消费本身更强。我们的研究结果支持需要前瞻性研究和随机试验来证实这些假设。
