Department of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Cornell University, 252 Emerson Hall, 14853, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 1996 Feb;92(2):191-203. doi: 10.1007/BF00223376.
Advanced backcross QTL analysis is proposed as a method of combining QTL analysis with variety development. It is tailored for the discovery and transfer of valuable QTL alleles from unadapted donor lines (e.g., land races, wild species) into established elite inbred lines. Following this strategy, QTL analysis is delayed until the BC2 or BC3 generation and, during the development of these populations, negative selection is exercised to reduce the frequency of deleterious donor alleles. Simulations suggest that advanced backcross QTL analysis will be effective in detecting additive, dominant, partially dominant, or overdominant QTLs. Epistatic QTLs or QTLs with gene actions ranging from recessive to additive will be detected with less power than in selfing generations. QTL-NILs can be derived from advanced backcross populations in one or two additional generations and utilized to verify QTL activity. These same QTL-NILs also represent commercial inbreds improved (over the original recurrent inbred line) for one or more quantitative traits. The time lapse from QTL discovery to construction and testing of improved QTL-NILs is minimal (1-2 years). If successfully employed, advanced backcross QTL analysis can open the door to exploiting unadapted and exotic germplasm for the quantitative trait improvement of a number of crop plants.
高级回交 QTL 分析被提议作为一种将 QTL 分析与品种开发相结合的方法。它是专门为从适应性差的供体系（如地方品种、野生种）中发现和转移有价值的 QTL 等位基因而设计的，将其转移到已建立的优良自交系中。按照这一策略，QTL 分析被推迟到 BC2 或 BC3 代，在这些群体的发展过程中，进行负向选择以降低有害供体等位基因的频率。模拟表明，高级回交 QTL 分析将有效地检测加性、显性、部分显性或超显性 QTL。上位性 QTL 或基因作用从隐性到加性的 QTL 的检测能力将低于自交世代。可以在一个或两个额外的世代中从高级回交群体中衍生出 QTL-NILs，并用于验证 QTL 活性。这些相同的 QTL-NILs也代表了经过改良的商业自交系（相对于原始轮回自交系），在一个或多个数量性状上得到了改良。从 QTL 发现到改良的 QTL-NIL 构建和测试的时间间隔最短（1-2 年）。如果成功实施，高级回交 QTL 分析可以为许多作物的数量性状改良开辟利用适应性差和外来种质资源的途径。
