Fooladi Abbas Ali Imani, Khani Soghra, Hosseini Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh, Mousavi Seyed Fazlollah, Aghdam Elnaz Mehdizadeh, Nourani Mohammad Reza
Applied Microbiology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2013 Dec;12(6):410-8. doi: 10.2174/1871528112666131205113129.
The prevalence of allergic diseases among infants is increasing particularly in developed countries. Although, the exact reason is not clear yet, one of the most probable explanations is reducing microbial exposure during early life and consequent alteration of gut microbiota. Various factors including delivery mode, infants diet, environment and antibiotics administration by mothers are involved in microbial colonization of infants intestine. Since the content of infant`gut microbiota plays a critical role in the maturation and development of the immune system, it determines the risk of immune diseases. Different studies confirmed the important role of vaginal delivery, due to transferring of useful bacteria to the neonatal's intestine, and breastfeeding, owing to the presence of exosomes and different kind of mediators in the milk which modify the pattern of intestinal microflora. As a result, it was proposed that both factors have remarkable effects on reducing allergic diseases. Furthermore, the consumption of probiotic productions by the mother during and after pregnancy possibly induces beneficial impacts on attenuating the allergic diseases.
婴儿过敏性疾病的患病率正在上升，尤其是在发达国家。尽管确切原因尚不清楚，但最可能的解释之一是早期生活中微生物接触减少以及随之而来的肠道微生物群改变。包括分娩方式、婴儿饮食、环境和母亲使用抗生素在内的各种因素都与婴儿肠道的微生物定植有关。由于婴儿肠道微生物群的组成在免疫系统的成熟和发育中起着关键作用，它决定了免疫疾病的风险。不同的研究证实了阴道分娩的重要作用，因为它能将有益细菌转移到新生儿肠道，以及母乳喂养的重要作用，因为母乳中存在外泌体和各种介质，它们会改变肠道微生物群的模式。因此，有人提出这两个因素对减少过敏性疾病有显著影响。此外，母亲在孕期和产后食用益生菌产品可能对减轻过敏性疾病产生有益影响。
