Caddy Sarah, Emmott Edward, El-Attar Laila, Mitchell Judy, de Rougemont Alexis, Brownlie Joe, Goodfellow Ian
Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, United Kingdom ; Section of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2013 Dec 5;8(12):e81596. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081596. eCollection 2013.
Noroviruses are associated with intestinal disease in humans, cows, pigs, mice, and, more recently, dogs. In 2007, the first canine norovirus (CNV) was identified and characterized in Italy. Subsequent studies have identified CNV in stools of dogs from Portugal, Greece, and the United States. To investigate the prevalence of CNV in the UK dog population, 228 canine stool samples were screened for CNV by qPCR, and 396 serum samples were screened for anti-CNV antibodies. qPCR of RNA extracted from canine stool samples did not reveal any CNV-positive samples, based on samples collected from diarrhoeic and control dogs in 2012-2013. CNV virus-like particles to three different CNV strains were produced using recombinant baculoviruses and a seroprevalence screen undertaken. Anti-CNV antibodies were identified at significant levels in canine serum; 38.1% of samples collected between 1999-2001 and 60.1% of samples collected in 2012-2013 were seropositive. The increase in seroprevalence over time (p<0.001) suggests that the CNV strains screened for are becoming more widespread. Variation in seroprevalence to different CNV strains was also identified. Two-thirds of the dogs were seropositive to a single strain, whereas the remaining third were seropositive to two or three of the strains analysed. This study has provided the first evidence that CNV is present in the UK, with seroprevalence identified to multiple circulating strains. This warrants further study and increased awareness of this recently discovered canine virus.
诺如病毒与人类、牛、猪、小鼠以及最近发现的犬类的肠道疾病有关。2007年，在意大利首次鉴定并表征了犬诺如病毒（CNV）。随后的研究在来自葡萄牙、希腊和美国的犬类粪便中发现了CNV。为了调查CNV在英国犬类群体中的流行情况，通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）对228份犬类粪便样本进行了CNV筛查，并对396份血清样本进行了抗CNV抗体筛查。基于2012 - 2013年从腹泻犬和对照犬采集的样本，对从犬类粪便样本中提取的RNA进行qPCR检测，未发现任何CNV阳性样本。使用重组杆状病毒制备了针对三种不同CNV毒株的病毒样颗粒，并进行了血清流行率筛查。在犬类血清中检测到了显著水平的抗CNV抗体；1999 - 2001年采集的样本中有38.1%呈血清阳性，2012 - 2013年采集的样本中有60.1%呈血清阳性。血清流行率随时间的增加（p<0.001）表明所筛查的CNV毒株正在变得更加广泛传播。还发现了对不同CNV毒株血清流行率的差异。三分之二的犬只对单一毒株呈血清阳性，而其余三分之一对所分析的两种或三种毒株呈血清阳性。这项研究提供了首个证据，证明CNV在英国存在，且已确定对多种流行毒株的血清流行率。这值得进一步研究，并提高对这种最近发现的犬类病毒的认识。
