Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Allergy. 2014 Mar;69(3):359-64. doi: 10.1111/all.12338. Epub 2013 Dec 20.
The epidemiologic profiles of chronic urticaria (CU) vary considerably among regions, and few such data are available from China.
We performed a multicenter open questionnaire investigation about the clinical and laboratory features of CU, defined as recurrent wheals with/without angioedema lasting for ≥6 weeks, among 3027 patients.
Female preponderance was observed (female/male ratio, 1.46 : 1). The mean age at diagnosis was 34.7 ± 13.8 years, and the mean disease duration was 18.5 ± 46.1 months (range, 1.5-127 months). Patients were classified as having chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU, 61.0% of patients), physical urticaria (PU, 26.2%), or other urticaria types (OU, 2.3%). Nocturnal attacks were reported by 60% of cases. The Urticaria Activity Score (UAS) in patients with CSU was 3.8 ± 1.4. The mean Dermatology Life Quality Index was 7.3 ± 3.4 (range 0-30). Induction or exacerbation of wheals with alcohol drinking was reported by 55.7% of patients. Chronic hepatitis B was less prevalent in our CU patients compared with the general Chinese population (2.7% vs 7%). Positive autologous serum skin tests (ASSTs) were observed in 66.9% of patients. Patients with positive ASST had higher UAS, greater angioedema frequencies, longer disease durations, and poorer QoL compared with patients with negative ASST (P < 0.05).
In this Chinese population, CU usually affected youth, and CSU was the most common subtype. Autoreactivity and alcohol consumption were the top two triggers for CU, whereas latent infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases were not as common as in previous reports.
慢性荨麻疹（CU）的流行病学特征在不同地区差异很大，来自中国的此类数据很少。
我们对 3027 例 CU 患者进行了一项多中心开放性问卷调查，以了解 CU 的临床和实验室特征，定义为反复发作的风团或伴有血管性水肿，持续时间≥6 周。
观察到女性占优势（女性/男性比例为 1.46:1）。诊断时的平均年龄为 34.7±13.8 岁，平均病程为 18.5±46.1 个月（范围为 1.5-127 个月）。患者被分为慢性自发性荨麻疹（CSU，占患者的 61.0%）、物理性荨麻疹（PU，占 26.2%）或其他荨麻疹类型（OU，占 2.3%）。60%的病例有夜间发作。CSU 患者的荨麻疹活动评分（UAS）为 3.8±1.4。皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）的平均得分为 7.3±3.4（范围为 0-30）。55.7%的患者报告饮酒会诱发或加重风团。与普通中国人群相比，我们的 CU 患者慢性乙型肝炎的患病率较低（2.7% vs 7%）。66.9%的患者自体血清皮肤试验（ASST）阳性。与 ASST 阴性患者相比，ASST 阳性患者的 UAS 更高，血管性水肿发作更频繁，病程更长，生活质量更差（P<0.05）。
在这个中国人群中，CU 通常影响年轻人，CSU 是最常见的亚型。自身反应性和酒精摄入是 CU 的两个主要诱因，而潜伏性感染性和慢性炎症性疾病并不像之前的报告那样常见。
