Meindl Claudia, Absenger Markus, Roblegg Eva, Fröhlich Eleonore
Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens-University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:564804. doi: 10.1155/2013/564804. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
Cytotoxicity testing of nanoparticles (NPs) by conventional screening assays is often complicated by interference. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are particularly difficult to assess. To test the suitability of cell-based label-free techniques for this application, a panel of CNTs with different diameters and surface functionalizations was assessed by impedance-based technique (xCELLigence RTCA) and automated microscopy (Cell-IQ) compared to formazan bioreduction (MTS assay). For validation of the label-free systems different concentrations of ethanol and of amine (AMI) polystyrene NPs were used. CNTs were evaluated in various cell lines, but only endothelial EAhy926 cells and L929 and V79 fibroblasts could be evaluated in all systems. Polystyrene particles obtained similar results in all assays. All systems identified thin (<8 nm) CNTs as more cytotoxic than thick (>20 nm) CNTs, but detection by xCELLigence system was less sensitive to CNT-induced cytotoxicity. Despite advantages, such as continuous monitoring and more detailed analysis of cytotoxic effects, label-free techniques cannot be generally recommended for cytotoxicity screening of NPs.
通过传统筛选测定法对纳米颗粒（NPs）进行细胞毒性测试常常受到干扰的影响。碳纳米管（CNTs）尤其难以评估。为了测试基于细胞的无标记技术在此应用中的适用性，与甲臜生物还原法（MTS测定法）相比，通过基于阻抗的技术（xCELLigence RTCA）和自动显微镜技术（Cell-IQ）对一组具有不同直径和表面功能化的碳纳米管进行了评估。为了验证无标记系统，使用了不同浓度的乙醇和胺（AMI）聚苯乙烯纳米颗粒。在各种细胞系中对碳纳米管进行了评估，但只有内皮EAhy926细胞以及L929和V79成纤维细胞能够在所有系统中进行评估。聚苯乙烯颗粒在所有测定中都获得了相似的结果。所有系统都确定细的（<8 nm）碳纳米管比粗的（>20 nm）碳纳米管细胞毒性更大，但xCELLigence系统的检测对碳纳米管诱导的细胞毒性不太敏感。尽管无标记技术具有诸如连续监测和对细胞毒性效应进行更详细分析等优点，但一般不推荐将其用于纳米颗粒的细胞毒性筛选。
