Kobeissy Firas H, Gulbakan Basri, Alawieh Ali, Karam Pierre, Zhang Zhiqun, Guingab-Cagmat Joy D, Mondello Stefania, Tan Weihong, Anagli John, Wang Kevin
1 Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida.
OMICS. 2014 Feb;18(2):111-31. doi: 10.1089/omi.2013.0074. Epub 2014 Jan 10.
The post-genomics era has brought about new Omics biotechnologies, such as proteomics and metabolomics, as well as their novel applications to personal genomics and the quantified self. These advances are now also catalyzing other and newer post-genomics innovations, leading to convergences between Omics and nanotechnology. In this work, we systematically contextualize and exemplify an emerging strand of post-genomics life sciences, namely, nanoproteomics and its applications in health and integrative biological systems. Nanotechnology has been utilized as a complementary component to revolutionize proteomics through different kinds of nanotechnology applications, including nanoporous structures, functionalized nanoparticles, quantum dots, and polymeric nanostructures. Those applications, though still in their infancy, have led to several highly sensitive diagnostics and new methods of drug delivery and targeted therapy for clinical use. The present article differs from previous analyses of nanoproteomics in that it offers an in-depth and comparative evaluation of the attendant biotechnology portfolio and their applications as seen through the lens of post-genomics life sciences and biomedicine. These include: (1) immunosensors for inflammatory, pathogenic, and autoimmune markers for infectious and autoimmune diseases, (2) amplified immunoassays for detection of cancer biomarkers, and (3) methods for targeted therapy and automatically adjusted drug delivery such as in experimental stroke and brain injury studies. As nanoproteomics becomes available both to the clinician at the bedside and the citizens who are increasingly interested in access to novel post-genomics diagnostics through initiatives such as the quantified self, we anticipate further breakthroughs in personalized and targeted medicine.
后基因组时代带来了新的组学生物技术，如蛋白质组学和代谢组学，以及它们在个人基因组学和自我量化方面的新应用。这些进展现在也在催化其他更新的后基因组创新，导致组学与纳米技术之间的融合。在这项工作中，我们系统地将后基因组生命科学的一个新兴领域，即纳米蛋白质组学及其在健康和综合生物系统中的应用进行了背景化并举例说明。纳米技术已被用作一种补充成分，通过不同类型的纳米技术应用来革新蛋白质组学，这些应用包括纳米多孔结构、功能化纳米颗粒、量子点和聚合物纳米结构。这些应用虽然仍处于起步阶段，但已经带来了几种高度灵敏的诊断方法以及用于临床的新的药物递送和靶向治疗方法。本文与之前对纳米蛋白质组学的分析不同之处在于，它从后基因组生命科学和生物医学的角度，对相关生物技术组合及其应用进行了深入的比较评估。这些包括：（1）用于检测传染病和自身免疫性疾病的炎症、致病和自身免疫标志物的免疫传感器，（2）用于检测癌症生物标志物的放大免疫测定法，以及（3）靶向治疗和自动调整药物递送的方法，如在实验性中风和脑损伤研究中。随着纳米蛋白质组学既可供床边的临床医生使用，也可供越来越有兴趣通过自我量化等举措获取新型后基因组诊断方法的公民使用，我们预计个性化和靶向医学将取得进一步突破。
