Plejert Charlotta, Jansson Gunilla, Yazdanpanah Maziar
Center for Dementia Research (CEDER), Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden,
J Cross Cult Gerontol. 2014 Mar;29(1):1-23. doi: 10.1007/s10823-013-9217-2.
In the present case study, a care encounter between an older multilingual (Farsi/Swedish/English) Persian woman and staff in an ordinary, Swedish residential home is investigated. The woman is perceived as suffering from dementia symptoms, but has not received any formal diagnosis of the disease. More specifically, the study focuses on how the woman's contributions in her mother tongue, Farsi, are responded to by a carer, who is also multilingual and speaks Swedish as a second language (L2), but has a very limited knowledge of Farsi. The data consists of recorded material from a mundane morning activity in the residential home, as the woman is undressed and prepared to go to the shower. The method employed is conversation analysis, and the study addresses the interactional outcome of this type of multilingual encounters, highlighting the way the establishment of mutual understanding is negatively affected by the fact that the participants do not or only to a limited extent share a common language. Analysis of the data shows that most of the woman's contributions in Farsi are responded to in L2-Swedish by the carer, primarily by means of seven different response practices: soothing talk, instrumental talk, minimal responses, explicit expressions of understanding, mitigating talk, questions, and appraisal. The findings are discussed in light of new demands on Swedish (and Western) care- and health care systems to adapt to the increasing number of multilingual, older people, who will become residents in care facilities and attend day centers within the coming years.
在本案例研究中，调查了一位年长的多语言（波斯语/瑞典语/英语）波斯女性与瑞典一家普通养老院工作人员之间的护理接触情况。该女性被认为患有痴呆症症状，但尚未得到该疾病的任何正式诊断。更具体地说，该研究聚焦于这位女性用母语波斯语做出的表达是如何被一位护理人员回应的，这位护理人员也是多语言者，将瑞典语作为第二语言（L2），但对波斯语的了解非常有限。数据包括养老院一次日常早晨活动的录音材料，当时这位女性正在脱衣服准备去洗澡。所采用的方法是会话分析，该研究探讨了这类多语言接触的互动结果，强调了参与者没有或仅在有限程度上共享共同语言这一事实对建立相互理解产生负面影响的方式。对数据的分析表明，这位女性用波斯语做出的大多数表达都被护理人员用第二语言瑞典语回应了，主要通过七种不同的回应方式：安抚性交谈、工具性交谈、最小回应、明确表达理解、缓和性交谈、提问和评价。鉴于瑞典（以及西方）护理和医疗保健系统面临新的要求，即要适应越来越多的多语言老年人，这些老年人在未来几年将成为护理机构的居民并参加日间护理中心，对研究结果进行了讨论。
