School of Physical Education and Sports, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Akdeniz University , Antalya, Turkey.
J Sports Sci Med. 2005 Sep 1;4(3):300-13.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moderate strength and endurance training on cognition evaluated by event-related potentials (ERP) in older people. Thirty-six adults, aged 60-85 years, were randomly divided into three groups: sedentary control (C), strength training (ST), and endurance training (ET). Participants performed functional fitness tests and ERP data were recorded before and after nine weeks of training. Training involved three sessions per week. Functional fitness test performance improved significantly in the ST and ET groups. The latencies of the N1, N2, and P2 components and the amplitudes of the N1P2, P2N2, and N2P3 components differed significantly between groups (p < 0.05). After training, the latencies of the P2 and N2 components at the Fz and Cz sites, decreased significantly, and the amplitudes of the N1P2, P2N2, and N2P3 components at the Fz site and the N1P2 and N2P3 components at the Cz site, increased significantly in the ST group compared with the ET group. After training, the latencies of N1, N2, and P2 components shortened significantly, and the amplitudes of the N1P2, P2N2, and N2P3 components increased significantly in the ST group compared with the C group. The latencies of the N2 and P2 components shortened significantly in the ET group compared with the C group, although the amplitudes of the ERP recordings did not differ significantly between groups. These data suggest that strength training might facilitate early sensory processing and cognitive functioning in older individuals. Key PointsStrength training may have facilitating effects on early information processing and cognition in older people.It is interesting that only small improvements in functional fitness affected cognitive performance.More research is needed to determine how the different exercise regimens contribute to discrete changes in CNS functioning and how such changes affect the P3 component of the ERP.
本研究旨在探讨中等强度和耐力训练对老年人认知的影响，评估方法为事件相关电位（ERP）。36 名年龄在 60-85 岁的成年人被随机分为三组：久坐对照组（C）、力量训练组（ST）和耐力训练组（ET）。参与者进行了功能健身测试，在 9 周的训练前后记录了 ERP 数据。训练每周进行 3 次。ST 和 ET 组的功能健身测试表现均显著提高。N1、N2 和 P2 成分的潜伏期以及 N1P2、P2N2 和 N2P3 成分的振幅在组间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。训练后，Fz 和 Cz 部位 P2 和 N2 成分的潜伏期显著降低，Fz 部位的 N1P2、P2N2 和 N2P3 成分以及 Cz 部位的 N1P2 和 N2P3 成分的振幅显著增加，ST 组与 ET 组相比。训练后，N1、N2 和 P2 成分的潜伏期明显缩短，N1P2、P2N2 和 N2P3 成分的振幅明显增加，ST 组与 C 组相比。与 C 组相比，ET 组 N2 和 P2 成分的潜伏期明显缩短，尽管 ERP 记录的振幅在组间没有显著差异。这些数据表明，力量训练可能有助于老年人的早期感觉处理和认知功能。
力量训练可能对老年人的早期信息处理和认知有促进作用。
有趣的是，只有很小的功能健身改善会影响认知表现。
需要更多的研究来确定不同的运动方案如何对中枢神经系统功能的离散变化做出贡献，以及这种变化如何影响 ERP 的 P3 成分。
