Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Department of Epidemiology, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014 Mar;112(3):237-48. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Jan 29.
Up to 40% of the world's population has been diagnosed with an allergic disease. The most prevalent allergy is to house dust mites. Impermeable mattress covers are often the first treatment in the prevention and decrease of symptoms of allergic disease.
To perform a meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of impermeable mattress covers in the primary prevention of allergic disease and as a single intervention in the tertiary prevention of allergic disease symptoms.
MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL were systematically searched for relevant publications. Seven primary prevention trials (n = 3,461) and 17 tertiary prevention trials (n = 1,671) met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. All article reviews and abstractions were performed in duplicate.
No significant pooled relative risks were found for the prevention of allergic disease. The pooled relative risks were 0.97 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-1.51) for house dust mite sensitization, 0.92 (95% CI 0.81-1.05) for wheeze, 0.85 (95% CI 0.70-1.02) for asthma, 1.03 (95% CI 0.90-1.19) for allergic rhinitis, and 1.05 (95% CI 0.84-1.32) for allergic dermatitis. Likewise, no significant pooled standardized mean differences were found in the tertiary prevention of symptoms. The pooled standardized mean differences were -0.03 (95% CI -0.15 to 0.09) for peak flow, -0.06 (95% CI -0.32 to 0.20) for asthma symptom score, and -0.39 (95% CI -0.88 to 0.11) for nasal symptom score. A significant effect was seen in the decrease of house mite dust level in the mattress (-0.79, 95% CI -0.98 to -0.60).
No evidence was found to support the use of impermeable mattress covers in the primary prevention of allergic disease or in the tertiary prevention of allergic disease symptoms.
全球有多达 40%的人口被诊断患有过敏性疾病。最常见的过敏是对屋尘螨过敏。不透气的床垫套通常是预防和减少过敏性疾病症状的首要治疗方法。
进行荟萃分析，评估不透气床垫套在预防过敏性疾病方面的有效性，以及作为过敏性疾病症状三级预防的单一干预措施。
系统检索了 MEDLINE、Embase、Web of Science 和 CINAHL 中的相关文献。7 项初级预防试验（n=3461）和 17 项三级预防试验（n=1671）符合纳入标准并纳入综述。所有文献综述和摘要均由两人进行。
在预防过敏性疾病方面，未发现显著的汇总相对风险。屋尘螨致敏的汇总相对风险为 0.97（95%置信区间[CI]0.62-1.51），喘息的汇总相对风险为 0.92（95%CI0.81-1.05），哮喘的汇总相对风险为 0.85（95%CI0.70-1.02），过敏性鼻炎的汇总相对风险为 1.03（95%CI0.90-1.19），过敏性皮炎的汇总相对风险为 1.05（95%CI0.84-1.32）。同样，在症状的三级预防中，也未发现显著的汇总标准化均数差。汇总标准化均数差为峰流速-0.03（95%CI-0.15 至 0.09），哮喘症状评分-0.06（95%CI-0.32 至 0.20），鼻症状评分-0.39（95%CI-0.88 至 0.11）。在床垫中尘螨水平的降低方面，观察到显著的效果（-0.79，95%CI-0.98 至-0.60）。
没有证据支持在预防过敏性疾病或在预防过敏性疾病症状的三级预防中使用不透气的床垫套。
